Mance Rayder is mentioned as early as the first
chapter of the first book, second paragraph, with the deserter story:
The man had been taken outside a small holdfast in the
hills. Robb thought he was a wildling, his sword sworn to Mance
Rayder, the King beyond-the-Wall.
(Bran I, AGoT)
When we finally met the king, two full books later, we were surprised,
just like Jon Snow, to come across a brilliant anarchist.
My birth is as low as a man’s can get, no septon’s ever
smeared my head with oils, I don’t own any castles, and my queen
wears furs and amber, not silk and sapphires. I am my own champion,
my own fool, and my own harpist. You don’t become
King-beyond-the-Wall because your father was.
(Jon X, ASoS)
GRRM has made us mistrust our expectations as readers and our affections
for the characters of the story. But how not to admire a generous nature
who has never learned to obey?
Given that society in the Seven Kingdoms is based on a hierarchy of
obediences, what did Mance envisage for the Free Folk south of the Wall?
I suppose that Mance was not merely an utopian, like the Brothers
without Banners seemed perilously close to be at times.
Under all his
guises,
Mance is always a
trickster.
Whether he disappointed as such in Winterfell is one of our central
objects of investigation.
In one of the most curious of his many aspects, Mance's life seemed to
follow the same archetype than Prince Rhaegar's. Perhaps, instead of the
hell where they have been consigned, the proponents of the notion that
Mance
is Rhaegar should be given some sort of special place in
purgatory.
Contents
- The Wildling
- The Crow
- The Deserter
- The Bard
- The King-beyond-the-Wall
- Elks and Ravens
- Dalla, and Val
- The Frostfangs and the Horn of Joramun
- The Conqueror
- Aemon Steelsong
- The Offering to R'hllor
- The Lord of Bones
- The Tale of Red and Black
- Bael the Bard
- Jon Snow's Secret
- The grey Girl on a dying Horse
- The Crypts of Winterfell
- The Washerman
- Abel's Répertoire
- Mance's last Words
1. The Wildling
Our first topic is Mance's origin. We are told by his old friend Qhorin
Halfhand.
He loved the wild better than the Wall. It was in his
blood. He was wildling born, taken as a child when some raiders were
put to the sword. When he left the Shadow Tower he was only going
home again.
(Jon VII, ACoK)
It's possible that the child had been kidnapped and has some other origin.
However, Queen Selyse adds an important element to the tale.
“Gerrick is the true and rightful king of the
wildlings,” the queen said, “descended in an unbroken male line from
their great king Raymun Red-beard, whereas the usurper Mance Rayder
was born of some common woman and fathered by one of your black
brothers.”
(Jon XIII, ADwD)
That leaves me perplex. Indeed we were never told
before that Mance's father had been a black brother. Selyse appears to
be reporting common knowledge. It is an important information, since it
makes a bastard of Mance. So, until we have more detail, for instance
the identity of Mance's father, I remain circumspect, especially since,
in the same sentence, Selyse seems mistaken about Gerrick's lineage.
Nevertheless I do not take Selyse's assertion lightly: it might be
misunderstood rather than wrong. Likewise, I have my doubt when I read
what Sam thinks of Mance's son.
The boy was Mance Rayder’s son and Craster’s grandson,
after all.
(Samwell IV, AFfC)
That would make Craster the father of either Dalla or
Mance. That is contradicted completely or partially by Val when she said
of Craster's son. (Nevertheless, Val seems strangely attached to the
child.)
“Craster’s son?” Val shrugged. “He is no kin to me.”
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
In Qhorin's story, it is clear that Mance had spent his childhood as a
wildling. It is not clear that he was born a wildling, if he was taken
among raiders. It's possible that Mance was taken by wildlings and
raised by them during a few years. In any case, Mance's origin is
unclear. Another mystery seems that the Night's Watch took him. Is there
any other wildling-born brother of the Watch before Jon Snow took the
command? Perhaps there was something special about Mance's origin that
made him accepted in the Watch.
When he talks about his origins, Mance tells Jon, not without pride:
My birth is as low as a man’s can get, no septon’s ever
smeared my head with oils, I don’t own any castles, and my queen
wears furs and amber, not silk and sapphires.
(Jon X, ASoS)
There is no mention of Craster (who considered
himself a kind of lord, and was addressed as My Lord by the commander
Mormont) and no mention of a father in the Watch.
How about Mance Rayder's name? The first name "Mance"
does not seem to refer to anything, and was probably the name given by
his wildlings parents of foster parents. Is the second name Rayder
derived from "raider"? Even if Mance's father was a brother from
the Watch, it would be against all customs of the Seven Kingdoms that
Mance inherited the name from him. So why a second name at all? All
wildings I can think of have a single name and perhaps some epithet
(Tormund Giantbane, Harma Dog's Head, Alfyn Crowkiller etc).
A little mention of Jon Snow might point to an extraordinary parentage
of Mance, especially since Mormont's raven seems to pay attention.
“Pyp should learn to hold his tongue. I have heard the
same from others. King’s blood, to wake a dragon. Where Melisandre
thinks to find a sleeping dragon, no one is quite sure. It’s
nonsense. Mance’s blood is no more royal than mine own. He has never
worn a crown nor sat a throne. He’s a brigand, nothing more. There’s
no power in brigand’s blood.”
The raven looked up from the floor. “Blood,” it screamed.
(Samwell I, AFfC)
I don't intend to push the following
theory. But it is worthwile to note that Targaryens have been sent to
the Wall before Aemon and Brynden Rivers. Indeed, here is the
description of the Shieldhall in Castle Black with a little history
lesson by Jon Snow.
The Shieldhall was one of the older parts of Castle
Black, a long drafty feast hall of dark stone, its oaken rafters
black with the smoke of centuries. Back when the Night’s Watch had
been much larger, its walls had been hung with rows of brightly
colored wooden shields. Then as now, when a knight took the
black, tradition decreed that he set aside his former arms and take
up the plain black shield of the brotherhood. The shields thus
discarded would hang in the Shieldhall.
Hundreds of knights meant hundreds of shields. Hawks and
eagles, dragons and griffins, suns and stags, wolves and wyverns,
manticores, bulls, trees and flowers, harps, spears, crabs and
krakens, red lions and golden lions and chequy lions, owls, lambs,
maids and mermen, stallions, stars, buckets and buckles, flayed men
and hanged men and burning men, axes, longswords, turtles, unicorns,
bears, quills, spiders and snakes and scorpions, and a hundred other
heraldic charges had adorned the Shieldhall walls, blazoned in more
colors than any rainbow ever dreamed of.
But when a knight died, his shield was taken down, that it
might go with him to his pyre or his tomb, and over the years and
centuries fewer and fewer knights had taken the black. A day came
when it no longer made sense for the knights of Castle Black to dine
apart. The Shieldhall was abandoned. In the last hundred years, it
had been used only infrequently. As a dining hall, it left much to
be desired—it was dark, dirty, drafty, and hard to heat in winter,
its cellars infested with rats, its massive wooden rafters
worm-eaten and festooned with cobwebs.
(Jon XIII, ADwD)
There is mention of shields with
dragons
sigils, who once belonged to knights. Only House Tolland has a dragon as
sigil, besides the Targaryens, as far as I know, and the Tolland dragon
is quite odd. There is mention of the standard Targaryen funeral custom:
pyres – except the Tullys what other house burns its dead? Hence it
seems that at least one Targaryen has been sent to the Wall. Moreover,
this happened at least a hundred years ago, since the Shieldhall has
been abandoned since then. It happened before Brynden Rivers came to the
Wall with Aemon. So neither of them is a viable candidate for the
Targaryen exiled to the Watch. The Targaryens arrived in Westeros a
three hundred years ago, which completes the delimitation of the
timeframe of the mysterious dragonknight. The characteristic diphthong
of the Targaryens tempts me to relate Bael the Bard to this mysterious
exile. Bael seems to have lived during the timeframe we defined. In any
case, it's an open question whether the Targaryen knight has left any
descendant beyond the Wall. Recall Theon when he contemplated joining
the Night's Watch during his final moments as prince of Winterfell.
As for women, what wildling woman wouldn’t want a prince
in her bed?
(Theon VI, ACoK)
This shows that possibilities concerning Mance's parentage remain. I
don't particularly expect any particular revelation, and I am content
with the
birth being as low as a man's can get, even if it can
be as high as a man's can get.
2. The Crow
The first meeting between Mance and Jon informs us about the time spent by
Mance in the Watch.
The black crow is a tricksy bird, that’s so... but I was
a crow when you were no bigger than the babe in Dalla’s belly, Jon
Snow.
(Jon I, ASoS)
So Mance had been in the Watch since Robert's
Rebellion, at least. Since he was taken in the Watch as soon as he was a
man grown, he is probably a bit older than thirty. He was a ranger of
the Shadow Tower, which has been commanded for a long time by Denys
Mallister, noted for his aristocratic attitude and unlikely to have
entertained much fraternal relation with a lowborn creature like Mance –
unless Ser Denys knows something that we don't. The maester at the
Shadow Tower was Maester Mullin, which is characterized by Jon.
Maester Mullin at the Shadow Tower is more fighter than
scholar[…]
(Jon II, ASoS)
So Mance is unlikely to have learnt much from either
of them. It's an open question whether Mance ever learned to read. It
would seem that he didn't. Perhaps we will learn more from Denys
Mallister, the old commander of the Shadow Tower, who knew Mance well,
since he forbade him to wear the mended cloak. Ser Denys didn't say a
word about Mance when we saw him during the election of the new Lord
Commander. However, Mance got noticed, since when Lord Qorgyle went to
meet Ned Stark in Winterfell:
You were just a boy, and I was all in black, one of a
dozen riding escort to old Lord Commander Qorgyle when he came down to
see your father at Winterfell.
(Jon I, ASoS)
We never learned the reason for such a visit. It
might have to do with Ned Stark project of repopulating the gift. It's
remarkable that Qorgyle, based in Castle Black, took with him a young
ranger from the Shadow Tower. Indeed, Mance remarked just earlier in the
discussion.
Still... a boy from Castle Black with rangers from the
Shadow Tower? How did that come to be?
(Jon I, ASoS)
Why did Mance got chosen to come with Qorgyle? It
reminds me of Mormont choosing Jon Snow as his personal steward. Mance
was a brother of the Watch when Lord Qorgyle was commander. House
Qorgyle is seated in Sandstone, in Dorne. It once fostered Oberyn
Martell and a certain Lord Qorgyle was in Oberyn's escort in King's
Landing (and Oberyn offered a golden scorpion as a wedding present to
Joffrey, the scorpion is Qorgyle's sigil). After the Dornishmen's return
to Dorne, House Qorgyle did not make any appearance in the story, even
when Doran Martell summoned most Dornish nobility in Sunspear. We don't
know how Lord Qorgyle came to join the Night's Watch, I suppose it's not
a natural vocation for a Dornishman (except in the story of the thirty
kings sent by Nymeria to the Wall a thousand years ago). In any
case, Mance might have been some kind of favorite for Lord
Qorgyle. There might be a sign of Qorgyle's importance for Mance in the
coincidence of the colors of Mance cloak and House Qorgyle: Red and
Black. But we'll put that in a wider context below.
In any case, he left his mark on the Watch, the Halfhand says of him.
“Was he a good ranger?”
“He was the best of us,” said the Halfhand, “and the worst as well.
Only fools like Thoren Smallwood despise the wildlings. They are as
brave as we are, Jon. As strong, as quick, as clever. But they have
no discipline. They name themselves the free folk, and each one
thinks himself as good as a king and wiser than a maester. Mance was
the same. He never learned how to obey.”
(Jon VII, ACoK)
The man's stature was well established in the Night's
Watch before the desertion. So it is not possible to understand
Mance as just a pawn.
3. The Deserter
Now the tale of Mance's desertion.
“One day on a ranging we brought down a fine big elk. We
were skinning it when the smell of blood drew a shadowcat out of its
lair. I drove it off, but not before it shredded my cloak to
ribbons. Do you see? Here, here, and here?” He chuckled. “It
shredded my arm and back as well, and I bled worse than the elk. My
brothers feared I might die before they got me back to Maester
Mullin at the Shadow Tower, so they carried me to a wildling village
where we knew an old wisewoman did some healing. She was dead, as it
happened, but her daughter saw to me. Cleaned my wounds, sewed me
up, and fed me porridge and potions until I was strong enough to
ride again. And she sewed up the rents in my cloak as well, with
some scarlet silk from Asshai that her grandmother had pulled from
the wreck of a cog washed up on the Frozen Shore. It was the
greatest treasure she had, and her gift to me.” He swept the cloak
back over his shoulders. “But at the Shadow Tower, I was given a new
wool cloak from stores, black and black, and trimmed with black, to
go with my black breeches and black boots, my black doublet and
black mail. The new cloak had no frays nor rips nor tears... and
most of all, no red. The men of the Night’s Watch dressed in black,
Ser Denys Mallister reminded me sternly, as if I had forgotten. My
old cloak was fit for burning now, he said.”
“I left the next morning... for a place where a kiss was not a
crime, and a man could wear any cloak he chose.”
(Jon I, ASoS)
We'll return to several details: the scarlet
silk from Asshai and the elk. The desertion, a
momentous decision seemingly taken lightly, might have a non-natural
cause. But I am satisfied by Qhorin's account to Jon Snow.
He had a passion for wildling music. Aye, and for their
women as well. […]
“Why did he desert?”
“For a wench, some say. For a crown, others would have it.” Qhorin
tested the edge of his sword with the ball of his thumb. “He liked
women, Mance did, and he was not a man whose knees bent easily,
that’s true. But it was more than that. He loved the wild better
than the Wall. It was in his blood. He was wildling born, taken as a
child when some raiders were put to the sword. When he left the
Shadow Tower he was only going home again.
(Jon VII, ACoK)
But Mance's attraction to wildling women is not that uncommon. He tells
Jon.
The Halfhand was carved of old oak, but I am made of
flesh, and I have a great fondness for the charms of women... which
makes me no different from threequarters of the Watch. There are men
still wearing black who have had ten times as many women as this
poor king.
(Jon I, ASoS)
There is a double meaning for us to see perhaps: the
charms of women might refer refer to their magical
capabilities. Indeed, Mance seems to have a fondness for uncommon women
only: the wisewoman who healed him, Dalla and Melisandre.
Mance's attraction to the wild, taste for music and wildling women might
have come from his childhood. I would risk the idea that the culture of
the free folk is largely transmitted along the female line. It's through
Ygritte that Jon learns the story of Bael the Bard and more. And Osha
tells us:
Mance thinks he’ll fight, the brave sweet stubborn man,
like the white walkers were no more than rangers, but what does he
know? He can call himself King- beyond-the-Wall all he likes, but
he’s still just another old black crow who flew down from the Shadow
Tower. He’s never tasted winter. I was born up there, child, like my
mother and her mother before her and her mother before her, born of
the Free Folk. We remember.
(Bran VI, AGoT)
The story of the wise woman with the red silk points
to a matrilineal tradition as well (grandmother, mother, daughter).
Perhaps Old Nan perpetuates this tradition south of the Wall in a way.
Of course Mance has tasted Winter, since he has been a child beyond the
Wall, and then a black brother on the Wall. We know that Tyrion was born
during a harsh winter, and Mance is older than Tyrion. I wonder what
Osha means. It seems Mance is not a real wildling in her eyes.
4. The Bard
If he did not master it from his childhood in the wild, the passion for
wildling musing led Mance to learn the Old Tongue.
Mance Rayder spoke the Old Tongue, even sang in it,
fingering his lute and filling the night with strange wild music.
(Jon II, ACoK)
One has the feeling that the passion for music and
songs is more than personal enjoyment. Mance is knowledgeable about
ancient lore. He certainly came across the stories that Jon Snow heard
from Wun Wun.
You know nothing, Jon Snow, Ygritte might say, but Jon
spoke with the giant whenever he could, through Leathers or one of
the free folk they had brought back from the grove, and was learning
much and more about his people and their history.
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
The lute appears to me unlikely to be a wildling
instrument. (The wildlings play drums, and pipes and horns.) I guess
Mance got his lute at the Wall, perhaps left behind by a dead brother
similar to Dareon. Or perhaps he bought it at Eastwatch, a place of
trade well known to Varamyr.
Eastwatch was a better place to trade than Castle Black;
that was where the ships came, laden with goods from the fabled
lands beyond the sea.
(Prologue, ADwD)
Mance is rather modest concerning his abilities as a singer.
Bael wrote his own songs, and lived them. I only sing
the songs that better men have made.
(Jon I, ASoS)
But Mance seems quite able to write songs, since Rowan told Theon.
If you have no smile for me, tell me how you captured
Winterfell. Abel will put it in a song, and you will live forever.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
And Theon is not impressed by Abel.
Bard or pander, Abel’s voice was passable, his playing
fair. Here amongst the ruins, that was as much as anyone might
expect.
(The Prince of Winterfell, ADwD)
We'll return to Abel's répertoire later. In any case, Abel's singing
seemed satisfactory enough in Winterfell.
Amond the song of the Seven Kingdoms, the Dornishman's wife seems to be
among Mance's favourites. Here is what he sang to Jon Snow.
The Dornishman's wife was as fair as the sun,
and her kisses were warmer than spring.
But the Dornishman's blade was made of black steel,
and its kiss was a terrible thing.
The Dornishman's wife would sing as she bathed,
in a voice that was sweet as a peach,
But the Dornishman's blade had a song of its own,
and a bite sharp and cold as a leech.
As he lay on the ground with the darkness around,
and the taste of his blood on his tongue,
His brothers knelt by him and prayed him a prayer,
and he smiled and he laughed and he sung,
"Brothers, oh brothers, my days here are done,
the Dornishman's taken my life,
But what does it matter, for all men must die,
and I've tasted the Dornishman's wife!"
(Jon I, ASoS)
I wonder if Mance sang the song on purpose to Jon.
The song itself seems to describe a mere episode of jealousy. It is also
a raider's song. Indeed the story is one that the wildlings who risk
their life to steal women south of the Wall know well. Perhaps, given
that Dorne is the most southern, the most exotic, the most remote of the
Seven Kingdoms, the Dornish women are the sweetest and of the highest
value to the wildling raiders.
But the song does not mention kidnapping, rape or
anything non-consensual with the Dornishman's wife. There is no need to
paraphrase it, but it expresses also a certain attitude towards life and
death. It finds an echo much later as Mance was about to depart to
attempt the rescue of Arya.
“I’ve sung my songs, fought my battles, drunk summer
wine, tasted the Dornishman’s wife. A man should die the way he’s
lived. For me that’s steel in hand.”
(Melisandre, ADwD)
Perhaps Mance's favorite wildling song in the Common Tongue is the story
of Bael the Bard. The story seems so important to me that we will have to
return to it later.
We need to keep in mind that Mance's passion for
wildling music is as much an artistic passion as a link to ancient
history, to things that kneelers have forgotten.
It might be the right moment to discuss the visit Mance paid as a
minstrel. Here is Mance's account:
I took a lute and a bag of silver, scaled the ice near
Long Barrow, walked a few leagues south of the New Gift, and bought
a horse. All in all I made much better time than Robert, who was
traveling with a ponderous great wheelhouse to keep his queen in
comfort. A day south of Winterfell I came up on him and fell in with
his company. Freeriders and hedge knights are always attaching
themselves to royal processions, in hopes of finding service with
the king, and my lute gained me easy acceptance.” He laughed. “I
know every bawdy song that’s ever been made, north or south of the
Wall. So there you are. The night your father feasted Robert, I sat
in the back of his hall on a bench with the other freeriders,
listening to Orland of Oldtown play the high harp and sing of dead
kings beneath the sea. I betook of your lord father’s meat and mead,
had a look at Kingslayer and Imp... and made passing note of Lord
Eddard’s children and the wolf pups that ran at their heels.”
(Jon I, ASoS)
We will return to the Long Barrow part later, and Orland. I marvel at the
ease with which Mance could infiltrate the court of Robert. After all he
has only known the Wall and the wild. Looking back at the arrival of
Robert at Winterfell and the Feast, here is what Mance could have
witnessed.
Robert went immediately to the crypt upon his
arrival. Of course, Robert asked Ned privately, but people were talking
later in the day. Indeed at the Feast, Jon talks to Benjen
“The queen is angry too,” Jon told his uncle in a low,
quiet voice. “Father took the king down to the crypts this
afternoon. The queen didn’t want him to go.”
(Jon I , AGoT)
Benjen and Jon were in the back of the room. At this moment, a singer was
playing the high harp.
A singer was playing the high harp and reciting a ballad,
but down at this end of the hall his voice could scarcely be heard
above the roar of the fire, the clangor of pewter plates and cups, and
the low mutter of a hundred drunken conversations.
(Jon I, AGoT)
The singer might be Orland. So Mance wasn't busy playing his lute. Since
Benjen has just arrived and Mance wanted to have a close look at the
Night's Watch First Ranger, I suspect he was in the crowd close to him. He
could have heard the conversation, and Jon Snow breaking into tears
because of his bastardy.
Laughter boomed all around him, and Jon felt hot tears
on his cheeks. Someone tried to steady him. He wrenched free of
their grip and ran, half-blind, for the door. Ghost followed close
at his heels, out into the night.
(Jon I, AGoT)
Outside Jon Snow would meet Tyrion and they would talk about Jon's
bastardy.
I suppose Mance remained at Winterfell until the
departure of the court. So he was there when Bran fell. And there is the
scene where Ned Stark, Catelyn and Maester Luwin talk about Lysa Arryn's
letter and the coming conflict with the Lannisters. The window of the
room is open at this time, and we know that Mance is a climber. However
nothing really indicates that Mance played any role there.
That Mance took note of Tyrion and Jaime Lannister is interesting. I
wonder what he noted of them.
5. The King-beyond-the-Wall
Here is a not very credible theory about Mance. I
would suggest that to be accepted by the wildlings, the deserters from
the Watch would have to put to death one of their former brothers. This
is how it went for Jon Snow and the Halfhand. This is how it might have
gone for Mance Rayder. If this is the case, the King-beyond-the-Wall
would have to take the life of lord Qorgyle himself. There is one hint
that this could have happened. Indeed, when Mance is disguised as
Rattleshirt in Melisandre's quarters he warns Jon Snow.
I could visit you as easily, my lord. Those guards at
your door are a bad jape. A man who has climbed the Wall half a
hundred times can climb in a window easy enough. But what good would
come of killing you? The crows would only choose someone worse.
(Melisandre, ADwD)
To have killed the lord Commander would give Mance
much prestige. However, it's difficult to imagine that the tale wouldn't
have spread if it was the case, coming back eventually to the Watch.
Mance is not reputed having killed Qorgyle. However, one might wonder
if, somehow, The Dornishman's Wife does not refer to Qorgyle.
The story of Mance's conquest is told by Jon.
Mance had spent years assembling this vast plodding
host, talking to this clan mother and that magnar, winning one
village with sweet words and another with a song and a third with
the edge of his sword, making peace between Harma Dogshead and the
Lord o’ Bones, between the Hornfoots and the Nightrunners, between
the walrus men of the Frozen Shore and the cannibal clans of the
great ice rivers, hammering a hundred different daggers into one
great spear, aimed at the heart of the Seven Kingdoms. He had no
crown nor scepter, no robes of silk and velvet, but it was plain to
Jon that Mance Rayder was a king in more than name.
(Jon II, ASoS)
And by Mance:
“My birth is as low as a man’s can get, no septon’s ever
smeared my head with oils, I don’t own any castles, and my queen
wears furs and amber, not silk and sapphires. I am my own champion,
my own fool, and my own harpist. You don’t become King-
beyond-the-Wall because your father was. The free folk won’t follow
a name, and they don’t care which brother was born first. They
follow fighters. When I left the Shadow Tower there were five men
making noises about how they might be the stuff of kings. Tormund
was one, the Magnar another. The other three I slew, when they made
it plain they’d sooner fight than follow.”
(Jon X, ASoS)
Mance would seem to consider his prowess with a sword as a political mean,
rather than a end in itself.
Why did Mance ever had the ambition to
become King-beyond-the-Wall? Leaving aside his desire to emulate Bael
the Bard,Mance doesn't seem the power-hungry type. His plain motivation
seems to save his people from the wights and white walkers. But, the
enterprise towards kingship seems to have preceded by a few years the
reappearance of the Others in Westeros. Mance himself has fought the
wights. Tormund told Jon:
You know nothing. You killed a dead man, aye, I heard.
Mance killed a hundred.
(Jon XII, ADwD)
Another indication that Mance's leadership seems primarily based on the
impression he could make on the Free Folk as a fighter, and from the
respect his other qualities inspire. His devotion to the protection of his
people is not feigned.
As the Halfhand noted, Mance's stature was evident even before the
desertion. So Mance's destiny as King-beyond-the-Wall can not be
attributed solely to the "charms of women" or any manipulation by some
power beyond the Wall. But we will see that some power seems to be siding
with Mance.
6. Elks and Ravens
The emblems chosen and displayed by any man, especially by a king are
always significant, and sometimes revealing. Surely, the
King-beyond-the-Wall had to chose his own carefully to lead such an
heterogenous bunch of people as the Free Folk.
The black and red cloak is certainly the most distinctive symbol for
Mance. But it is a symbol of a personal nature, that has little to do with
Mance's kingship. As a king, Mance displays a few emblems. Here is the
description of Mance's tent:
Like many of the lesser tents it was made of sewn hides
with the fur still on, but Mance Rayder’s hides were the shaggy
white pelts of snow bears. The peaked roof was crowned with a huge
set of antlers from one of the giant elks that had once roamed
freely throughout the Seven Kingdoms, in the times of the First Men.
(Jon I, ASoS)
The giant elk seems to be part of the endangered
prehistoric megafauna beyond the Wall, alongside the direwolves, the
mammoths and the giants. It makes for an impressive display, since the
antlers of the prehistoric Irish Elks could reach a width of ten feet
(three meters). We will return to the white bearskins when we will
discuss Dalla and Val. The other emblem is the helm worn by Mance for
the battle:
Beneath his slashed cloak of black wool and red silk he
wore black ringmail and shaggy fur breeches, and on his head was a
great bronze-and-iron helm with raven wings at either temple.
(Jon II, ASoS)
The bronze and iron might refer to the Crown of the Kings of Winter. Here
is Robb's crown.
Lord Hoster’s smith had done his work well, and Robb’s
crown looked much as the other was said to have looked in the tales
told of the Stark kings of old; an open circlet of hammered bronze
incised with the runes of the First Men, surmounted by nine black
iron spikes wrought in the shape of longswords. Of gold and silver
and gemstones, it had none; bronze and iron were the metals of
winter, dark and strong to fight against the cold.
(Catelyn I, ACoK)
There is a nuance between black iron and mere iron. Black iron is the
metal of the field of ravenry for the maesters.
The raven wings are less evidently
significative. But the ravens are related to the Children of the Forest,
as Lord Brynden tells Bran:
It was the singers who taught the First Men to send
messages by raven ... but in those days, the birds would speak the
words.
(Bran III, ADwD)
The elk is also related to the Singers.
The green men ride on elks, Old Nan used to say.
(Bran IV, ASoS)
The green men had been mentioned by Catelyn Stark.
In the south the last weirwoods had been cut down or
burned out a thousand years ago, except on the Isle of Faces where the
green men kept their silent watch.
(Catelyn I, AGoT)
And by Maester Luwin.
So the gods might bear witness to the signing, every tree
on the island was given a face, and afterward, the sacred order of
green men was formed to keep watch over the Isle of Faces.
(Bran VII, AGoT)
They appear also in the story of the little crannogman by Meera and Jojen.
“No one visits the Isle of Faces,” objected Bran.
“That’s where the green men live.”
“It was the green men he meant to find. So he donned a shirt sewn
with bronze scales, like mine, took up a leathern shield and a
threepronged spear, like mine, and paddled a little skin boat down
the Green Fork.”
(Bran II, ASoS)
And a few more times… There is a wildling called Grigg the Goat in Jarl
The Climber's band.
He didn’t want to know about Del’s girl or Bodger’s
mother, the place by the sea that Henk the Helm came from, how Grigg
yearned to visit the green men on the isle of Faces, or the time a
moose had chased Toefinger up a tree.
(Jon V, ASoS)
We never saw Grigg die during the battle at Castle Black. I would suppose
he attempted to visit the Isle of Faces. Perhaps, we will hear of him
again.
Giant elks, ravens. Mance's totems are animals friendly to the Children of
the Forest. Sam meets another character connected to these very animals:
Coldhands.
“Brother!” The shout cut through the night, through the
shrieks of a thousand ravens. Beneath the trees, a man muffled head
to heels in mottled blacks and greys sat astride an elk. “Here,” the
rider called. A hood shadowed his face.
He’s wearing blacks. Sam urged Gilly toward him. The elk was huge, a
great elk, ten feet tall at the shoulder, with a rack of antlers
near as wide.
(Samwell III, ASoS)
Who is Coldhands? Certainly a dead brother of the
Night's Watch, probably not a deserter, since he calls Sam "Brother!" or
perhaps a repentant deserter, consigned to an eternity of servitude as
penitence for his failings as Black Brother. Leaf says that he died long
ago.
Bran shivered again. “The ranger ...”
“He cannot come.”
“They’ll kill him.”
“No. They killed him long ago. Come now. It is warmer down deep, and
no one will hurt you there. He is waiting for you.”
(Bran II, ADwD)
Coldhand answers the question about the identity of the
Three-Eyed-Crow.
“A friend. Dreamer, wizard, call him what you will. The
last greenseer.”
(Bran II, ADwD)
He calls Lord Brynden a friend. Was Coldhands a
contemporary of Bloodraven? Or is the mention of friendship simply a
reassurance he makes to Bran and co? The ravens and the elk that serve
Coldhands are with him as part of the universe of the Children of the
Forest. Coldhands whispered words in a strange tongue when he granted
mercy to the elk.
It had been twelve days since the elk had collapsed for
the third and final time, since Coldhands had knelt beside it in the
snowbank and murmured a blessing in some strange tongue as he slit its
throat.
(Bran II, ADwD)
Was it the True Tongue, or the Old Tongue? If it was
the True Tongue, it was not Coldhands' language as a living man, since
no man can speak that language. If it was the Old Tongue, it might have
been that Coldhands was alive when the Old Tongue was the language of
the Night's Watch, probably much before the Conquest. Or, perhaps,
Coldhands learned the language in the wild after his time at the Watch.
The signification of the connection with Coldhands is unclear, but it
raises the question of the connection of Mance with the Children of the
Forest.
Surely the pale lord with a thousand eyes and one has watched the rise
of the King-beyond-the-Wall. I wouldn't expect him to have stayed
neutral. Are there signs that he favored it? Apparently, he can
influence human affairs in the following ways: send Coldhands, enter the
dreams of certain gifted people, provide knowledge, perhaps answer
prayers to heart trees, and warg certain animals. Mance never appeared
to be a particularly devout man, and we never saw him praying near a
heart tree.
Lord Brynden, Coldhands and Mance are related by the black cloak they
have kept on their shoulder despite having left the Night's Watch years
before. All three seemingly make a point of keeping the cloak, as if,
somehow, they have not given up on their vows.
Much later, when Mance is in Melisandre's orbit, Melisandre has the
vision of Bloodraven, in whom she sees a champion of the Great Other.
However, the nature of the relationship of Mance to Melisandre has yet
to be clarified.
Let's return briefly to the story of the red silk.
One day on a ranging we brought down a fine big elk. We
were skinning it when the smell of blood drew a shadowcat out of its
lair. I drove it off, but not before it shredded my cloak to
ribbons. Do you see? Here, here, and here?” He chuckled. “It
shredded my arm and back as well, and I bled worse than the elk.
(Jon I, ASoS)
The story is told concisely, except for the
appearance of the elk, which is unnecessary – It could begin with the
shadowcat. By big elk, I understand that the rangers came across an elk
similar to Coldhands'. An adventurous reading of the story would be that
the Shadowcat attacked the rangers as vengeance for the elk. Perhaps the
Children of the Forest made Mance pay for the death of the elk, and
arranged to have him sent to the wise woman.
Or, perhaps, we should see a parallel between Mance's and Bran's
stories. In both cases a big elk died, and the sacrifice was a price to
pay for meeting… who exactly? Are the women mentioned by Mance children
of the forest? Probably not. Or perhaps some closely connected
creatures, similar to the Ghost of High Heart?
Even without this speculation, it's clear that Mance alludes to the
Children of the Forest in his display of sigils. I should add that I do
not believe that the Children of the Forest form a monolithic unified
group. They might be as diverse in their cultures as humans are. Some
may follow the old gods like the northmen do. Others might believe in
something as different as the faith of the seven is. The children of
God's Eye might have a different worldview than those beyond he Wall.
It's perfectly possible that many of them are indifferent to elks and
ravens. The Children of the Forest have other greenseers than Lord
Brynden. Hence some of them are watching the Free Folk and their king.
In the affinity Mance has for the Children of the Forest, one might add
that Mance might have heard them sing:
And they did sing. They sang in True Tongue,
so Bran could not understand the words, but their voices were as
pure as winter air.
(Bran III, ADwD)
7. Dalla, and Val
Dalla and Mance had not known each other for long. Indeed, Mance tells Jon
Snow.
My lady is blameless. I met her on my return from your
father’s castle.
(Jon I, ASoS)
Note the qualifier
blameless, a first sign of the high regard
Mance has for his queen. Even odder is the term
My Lady, a
kneeler word, which is not even m'lady.
The name Dalla is unremarkable in Westeros
(we have a Palla in Winterfell, a Dalla in Dragonstone, several Wyllas
etc). Mance does not say on which side of the Wall the meeting with
Dalla and Val happened. After some hesitation, I tend to believe it was
north of the Wall. When Mance requires Tormund, Stig, Rattelshirt, Val,
Jarl to leave him speak alone to Jon Snow, Val is allowed to remain in
the king's tent, as if Mance had nothing to hide from her. It reminds me
of the later scene where all the queen's men are commanded to leave
Stannis' council, but Melisandre was allowed to witness the discussion
with Jon Snow. So let's say Dalla was as close to Mance as Melisandre is
to Stannis.
Dalla comes into the story with her sister Val. She appears to hold some
status, higher than her sister. Indeed, when it is suggested that Wun
Wun would guard her tower, Val says:
“A giant as protector? Even Dalla could not boast of
that.”
(Jon XI, ADwD)
The fact that Mance married Dalla is another sign of
Dalla's seniority. Dalla utters a total of five sentences in the story.
Here are the first four.
We free folk know things you kneelers have forgotten.
Sometimes the short road is not the safest, Jon Snow. The Horned
Lord once said that sorcery is a sword without a hilt. There is no
safe way to grasp it.
(Jon X, ASoS)
A statement that Jon will recall later at the
instigation of Val, and that he will repeat to Melisandre. The fifth
sentence would come a moment later when Dalla answers Mance.
"If I sound the Horn of Winter, the Wall will fall. Or
so the songs would have me believe. There are those among my people
who want nothing more...”
“But once the Wall is fallen,” Dalla said, “what will stop the
Others?” Mance gave her a fond smile. “It’s a wise woman I’ve found.
A true queen.”
(Jon X, ASoS)
Note again Mance's words of admiration, and perhaps a
play on words (wise woman, compare with Mance's self-proclaimed
sensibility to the charms of women). Dalla sounds like an
oracle in her first pronouncement. Mance, himself well-versed in
wildling lore, seems to let her take precedence in these matters. It
seems to me that Dalla has knowledge, even more than Osha when she said.
I was born up there, child, like my mother and her
mother before her and her mother before her, born of the Free Folk.
We remember.
(Bran VI, AGoT)
Again the matrilineal tradition. That leaves us to wonder who was Val and
Dalla's mother.
I find the reference to the Horned Lord especially
interesting. The Horned Lord was once the name of a constellation, or of
a planet, which is now called the Stallion.
We look up at the same stars, and see such different
things. The King’s Crown was the Cradle, to hear her tell it; the
Stallion was the Horned Lord; the red wanderer that septons preached
was sacred to their Smith up here was called the Thief.
(Jon III, ASoS)
The horses are not native to Westeros. They were
brought by the First Men. Is the Horned Lord the animal which served as
mount before the horses? This animal might be the elk, if we believe Old
Nan in her stories of green men riding elks. However, the Horned Lord is
also the name of a King-beyond-the-Wall.
“Wildlings have invaded the realm before.” Jon had heard
the tales from Old Nan and Maester Luwin both, back at Winterfell.
“Raymun Redbeard led them south in the time of my grandfather’s
grandfather, and before him there was a king named Bael the Bard.”
“Aye, and long before them came the Horned Lord and the brother
kings Gendel and Gorne, and in ancient days Joramun, who blew the
Horn of Winter and woke giants from the earth. Each man of them
broke his strength on the Wall, or was broken by the power of
Winterfell on the far side...
(Jon III, ACoK)
Raymun came about a century ago. The story of Bael
seems to involves a Stark lord called Brandon, who lived necessarily
after Aegon's Conquest. That would probably put the Horned Lord in the
times of the Kings of Winter. Of course, Joramun was, according to the
tale, a contemporary of Night's King, himself thirteen's commander of
the Night's Watch.
I have a few weak suggestions about the Horned Lord.
The first suggestion is to confuse horns with antlers, which would bring
us back to the giant elk. The confusion already occurs when Robert
Barratheon is compared by Ned to a Horned God.
He found himself thinking of Robert more and more. He
saw the king as he had been in the flower of his youth, tall and
handsome, his great antlered helm on his head, his warhammer in
hand, sitting his horse like a horned god.
(Eddard XV, AGoT)
It wouldn't be unreasonable, since the Starks are sometimes called
wolves. We even have the expression "Wolf Lord" from the Reeds. So the
"Horned Lord" would be related to elks, in the same way than the Wolf
Lord (that is Lord Stark) is related to wolves. No house in the north
has currently the giant elk, or simply the elk, as sigil.
Another visible association would be that the Horned Lord had a
spectacular horn like the "Horn of Joramun". But neither Mance nor Dalla
make the connection.
The last suggestion would come from the phrase "the horned moon" which
likens the lunar crescent to a pair of horns, and would associate the
Horned Lord with the Moon itself, which would be compatible with another
connection we are going to make now.
It's time to comment on the large white tent, made of white bearskins,
and where Dalla and Mance reside. Jon sees it from the Wall:
Even at this distance there was no mistaking Mance
Rayder’s huge white tent, sewn together from the pelts of snow
bears.
(Jon IX, ASoS)
The whiteness of the tent finds an echo in the clothes given by Dalla to
Val, that we would see much later.
Val was clad all in white; white woolen breeches tucked
into high boots of bleached white leather, white bearskin cloak
pinned at the shoulder with a carved weirwood face, white tunic with
bone fastenings. […] Val patted the long bone knife on her hip.
(Jon XI, ADwD)
It is a cultural norm in the Seven Kingdoms to wear a pin, or a brooch
to maintain one's cloak closed. Just to prove this assertion, here is a
little list of precedents: Rhaegar Frey, The Codds, Robett Glover, Balon
Swann, Roger Ryswell, Kevan Lannister, "Arya", Robert Strong (a
seven-pointed star), The Goodbrothers, Tarly's huntsman, Robert Arryn (a
crescent moon), Lord Mooton, Lord Hunter, Loras Tyrell, Tyrion, Oberyn's
present to Joffrey (a brooch in the shape of a golden scorpion), Stannis
(a flame), The Liddle, Bran, Janos Slynt, Theon (shape not mentioned),
Jaremy Rykker, Wylis Manderly, Vyseris (dragon bone, no shape), Renly
(emerald, no shape), Boros Blount (a lion), The hand's badge of office,
Meryn Trant (a lion), the Blackfish. Unless mentioned, the wearer's
house is represented by its sigil on the brooch.
So, almost always, such items are worn by highborn people and the brooch
represents the sigil of the house. I could find no example of this habit
in the Free Cities. By this standard, the sigil is a sign that Val
belongs to some aristocracy associated to the weirwood. The only
precedent I can find is the Knight of the Laughing Tree, again the
weirwood face as a sigil in a feudal context:
“No one knew,” said Meera, “but the mystery knight was
short of stature, and clad in ill-fitting armor made up of bits and
pieces. The device upon his shield was a heart tree of the old gods,
a white weirwood with a laughing red face.”
(Bran II, ASoS)
The sigil on the shield is the martial equivalent of the sigil on the
brooch that clasp the cloak. The weirwood face on Val's cloak seems a
miniature version of the weirwood mask worn by Morna-White-Mask.
If Lyanna Stark was the Knight of the Laughing Tree, where did that idea
of using the weirwood sigil come from? In any case, the appearance of
the knight is an answer to Howland Reed's prayer to the Old Gods. Does
the sigil come from Eddard Stark's mother, whose identity is unknown?
(She might be from the island of Skagos, since Osha and Rickon went
there. Or it can be the First Flint's sigil, which is still unknown.
Indeed, Old Flint and The Norrey both come to the Wall to provide a wet
nurse to Mance's son.)
The sight of Val makes a strong impression on Jon Snow.
Her breath was white as well ... but her eyes were blue,
her long braid the color of dark honey, her cheeks flushed red from
the cold. It had been a long while since Jon Snow had seen a sight
so lovely.
(Jon XI, ADwD)
Perhaps Dall wore these very clothes when she met Mance, and perhaps the
King-beyond-the-Wall was equally struck.
If the incident of the Knight of the Laughing Tree decided Rhaegar to
elope Lyanna, it would seem that Mance followed a similar course by
wedding Dalla and her weirwood sigil. And the colors of Mance's black
and red cloak match the Targaryen colors, those worn by Rhaegar for the
Harrenhal tourney.
We will return to the red and black colors.
The clothes were given by Dalla. They appear to be of the sort used for
ceremonies, or would indicate a certain status. The weirwood face pin
reminds us of the children of the forest and the old gods.
If it doesn't have a religious, or ritual, significance, the bone knife
is a poor replacement for the iron knife Val had when she left the Wall.
So the knife might refer to a pre-metallurgic period in the history of
Westeros. The obsession with whiteness reminds me of a tradition
encountered by Arya in Braavos.
“The Moonsingers led us to this place of refuge, where
the dragons of Valyria could not find us,” Denyo said. “Theirs is
the greatest temple.
[…]
That is the Temple of the Moonsingers.”
It was one of those that Arya had spied from the lagoon, a mighty
mass of snow-white marble topped by a huge silvered dome whose milk
glass windows showed all the phases of the moon. A pair of marble
maidens flanked its gates, tall as the Sealords, supporting a
crescent-shaped lintel.
(Arya I, AFfC)
Like the Moonsingers once did, Dalla and Mance
attempt to lead a persecuted people (not by dragons, fire beings, but by
the Others, ice creatures) to a safer place. Dalla seems to be the one
who warned Mance that stopping the Others is more important than
triumphing over the Night's Watch. The centrality of the worship of the
moon for the Bravoosi sect seems to find an echo in Val when she
announces to Jon the time of her return to the Wall.
Val glanced at the sky. The moon was but half-full.
“Look for me on the first day of the full moon.”
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
She insists with her final words.
“The first night of the full moon, then.”
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
The bone knife could refer to the moon as well, as the moon is described
four times in Bran's chapter in the cave of the Children.
The moon was a crescent, thin and sharp as the blade of
a knife.
(Bran III, ADwD)
Finally the Val sings to Craster's son.
“Craster’s son?” Val shrugged. “He is no kin to me.”
“I have heard you singing to him.”
“I was singing to myself. Am I to blame if he listens?” A faint
smile brushed her lips.
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
Mirri Maz Durr tells us that the moonsingers are known for their birthing
songs.
A moonsinger of the Jogos Nhai gifted me with her
birthing songs[…]
(Daenerys VII, AGoT)
There is a strong similarity between the moonsinger
tradition and what we see in Dalla and Val. Is there a connection in the
present time? Or should we imagine that the wildling slaves of Valyria
brought with them a tradition that would later become the moonsingers?
I do not think Val and Dalla are envoys from Braavos. They seem part of
the Free Folk, they use the word
kneeler, Dalla knows well the
Wall, the Horned Lord etc. It is hardly more believable that Dalla (or
both sisters) has been to Braavos for a time. I find preferable but
still very unlikely that moonsingers envoys educated Dalla somehow.
Indeed, Mirri Maz Durr's tale shows that the moonsinger do travel widely
– traveling north of the Wall from Braavos is much easier than sailing
to Asshai. If there are moonsingers among the Jogos Nhai, a people who
lives far away from Braavos, perhaps even on another continent, there
can very well be a branch north of the Wall, especially since ships from
the Free Cities come north of Eastwatch to trade with the Free Folk. But
I am far from certain that there has been a direct contact with the
Moonsingers. If there is indeed a connection, it might come from the
fact that Braavos was once founded by escaped slaves, among which there
might have been wildlings who perpetuated and further developped their
culture.
The way Val spoke to Jon before she left the Wall, her appearance when
she returned seems to point to a form of moon worshipping, or at least a
way of counting time based on the phases of the moon
.
When Bran is in the cave of the Children of the Forest, the phases of
the moon are mentioned regularly and form the tempo of life down there.
The bone knife that Dalla had with her on her return to the Wall (and
she had no need for it since she had been given a metal knife when she
left) and threatened to geld Jon Snow with, is interesting. It suggests
a ritual role. Note that in Bran's final vision a woman sacrifices a
victim with a bronze weapon, and bronze is the mark of the First Men.
The use of bone suggests an even more archaic period. The First Men came
to Westeros equipped with the knowledge of bronze. So the use of bone
weapons does not come from them. It has to refer, then, to the children
of the forest, who, by all accounts, did not master metallurgy. For
instance, Maester Luwin about the Dawn Age.
The wars went on until the earth ran red with blood of
men and children both, but more children than men, for men were
bigger and stronger, and wood and stone and obsidian make a poor
match for bronze.
(Bran VII, AGoT)
There is no mention of bone weapons in the Dawn Age though.
We turn now on a more concrete topic: the curious interest that Stannis
has in Val.
“Good,” King Stannis said, “for the surest way to seal a
new alliance is with a marriage. I mean to wed my Lord of Winterfell
to this wildling princess.”
Perhaps Jon had ridden with the free folk too long; he could not
help but laugh. “Your Grace,” he said, “captive or no, if you think
you can just give Val to me, I fear you have a deal to learn about
wildling women. Whoever weds her had best be prepared to climb in
her tower window and carry her off at swordpoint...”
(Jon XI, ASoS)
Here they are at the Wall for Melisandre's ceremony.
The king's eyes were blue bruises, sunk deep in a hollow
face. He wore grey plate, a fur-trimmed cloak of cloth-of-gold
flowing from his broad shoulders. His breastplate had a flaming
heart inlaid above his own. Girding his brows was a red-gold crown
with points like twisting flames. Val stood beside him, tall and
fair. They had crowned her with a simple circlet of dark bronze, yet
she looked more regal in bronze than Stannis did in gold. Her eyes
were grey and fearless, unflinching. Beneath an ermine cloak, she
wore white and gold. Her honey-blond hair had been done up in a
thick braid that hung over her right shoulder to her waist. The
chill in the air had put color in her cheeks.
(Jon III, ADwD)
It seems that Val has accepted to take part in Stannis' ceremony in
exchange for the life of Mance. (Here is the clue: Val had lengthily
pleaded for Mance's life before, even accepting to marry a kneeler. But
she doesn't seem dismayed as "Mance" is burned under her eyes.) In any
case, it is not a misunderstanding that Stannis crowned Val for all the
Night's Watch and the Free Folk to see.
Val's crown seems a partial version of Robb's crown.
The ancient crown of the Kings of Winter had been lost
three centuries ago, yielded up to Aegon the Conqueror when Torrhen
Stark knelt in submission. What Aegon had done with it no man could
say. Lord Hoster's smith had done his work well, and Robb's crown
looked much as the other was said to have looked in the tales told
of the Stark kings of old; an open circlet of hammered bronze
incised with the runes of the First Men, surmounted by nine black
iron spikes wrought in the shape of longswords. Of gold and silver
and gemstones, it had none; bronze and iron were the metals of
winter, dark and strong to fight against the cold.
(Catelyn I, ACoK)
So Robb's crown is modeled on the crown of Winter. It seems that Val has
the same bronze circlet, but it is deprived of the iron swords. It
doesn't appear that runes are inscribed on her crown. But Jon might be
too far away to see. Since the First Men did not master iron, their
crown might have been exactly Val's before the arrival of the Andals in
Westeros. It is tempting to speculate on the crown. Perhaps when the
Starks became kings of Winter, they took the bronze circlet of the
previous dynasty and modified it with their own iron swords (which
recall the swords in the crypts of Winterfell.) The crown of Winter
might have been like the Egyptian pschent, made by combining the crowns
of both lower and upper Egypt. It might be that the black iron part of
the Crown of Winter is on the Barrowton Banner, and is alluded to by the
Dreadfort merlons, but that's a story for another day. It would have
been interesting to see what did Jeyne Westerling's crown look like.
At this stage, I am tempted to guess that the Kings of Winter displaced
an earlier matrilineal dynasty, or rather that the queens of Winter were
displaced north of the Wall. But let's return to questions we can try to
answer.
It seems that Stannis has understood Val's status, perhaps from Mance.
It's not clear why Stannis kept it secret from Jon. Even when he is
absent, Stannis made strong recommendations so that Jon keeps Val.
“This had best not be some bastard's trick. Will I trade
three hundred fighters for three thousand? Aye, I will. I am not an
utter fool. If I leave the girl with you as well, do I have your
word that you will keep our princess closely?”
She is not a princess. “As you wish, Your Grace.”
“Do I need to make you swear an oath before a tree?”
“No.” Was that a jape? With Stannis, it was hard to tell.
(Jon IV, ADwD)
Stannis' men were insistent, even those who never had the chance to be
impressed by Val's beauty.
Axell Florent smiled. “The king might say the same if he
were here. Yet some provision must be made for His Grace's leal
knights, surely? They have followed him so far and at such cost. And
we must needs bind these wildlings to king and realm. This marriage
is a good first step, but I know that it would please the queen to
see the wildling princess wed as well.”
Jon sighed. He was weary of explaining that Val was no true
princess. No matter how often he told them, they never seemed to
hear.
(Jon IX, ADwD)
Clearly Stannis' interest in Val went beyond anything reasonable if Val
were no more than a pretty wildling who happened to be the goodsister of
a defeated king-beyond-the-Wall. Stannis might be in need of a
figurehead to control the wildling population. But Val is not pliable,
and it is exaggerated to crown her. Surely Jon Snow has missed
something.
For Stannis, the marriage with Val would go along the lordship of
Winterfell. First, Stannis offers both to Jon.
“Good,” King Stannis said, “for the surest way to seal a
new alliance is with a marriage. I mean to wed my Lord of Winterfell
to this wildling princess.”
(Jon XI, ASoS)
Then he thinks of giving both Winterfell and Val
to one of his knights.
“Horpe and Massey aspire to your father's seat.
Massey wants the wildling princess too. He once served my
brother Robert as squire and acquired his appetite for female
flesh. Horpe will take Val to wife if I command it, but it is
battle he lusts for. As a squire he dreamed of a white cloak,
but Cersei Lannister spoke against him and Robert passed him
over. Perhaps rightly. Ser Richard is too fond of killing. Which
would you have as Lord of Winterfell, Snow? The smiler or the
slayer?”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
The marriage of Val is brought up again by Ser Axell Florent.
His exchange with Jon Snow seems trivial. But when Val returns to the
Wall, Jon recalls.
“Have you been trying to steal my wolf?” he asked her.
“Why not? If every woman had a direwolf, men would be much sweeter.
Even crows.”
“Har!” laughed Tormund Giantsbane. “Don’t bandy words with this one,
Lord Snow, she’s too clever for the likes o’ you and me. Best steal
her quick, before Toregg wakes up and takes her first.”
What had that oaf Axell Florent said of Val? “A nubile girl,
not hard to look upon. Good hips, good breasts, well made for whelping
children.” All true enough, but the wildling woman was so much
more.
(Jon XI, ADwD)
The internal interrogation:
What had that oaf Axell Florent
said of Val? seems an invitation to reread
what Ser Axell had said earlier the same day (beyond what Jon had just
recalled).
Axell Florent smiled. “The king might say the same if he
were here. Yet some provision must be made for His Grace’s leal
knights, surely? They have followed him so far and at such cost. And
we must needs bind these wildlings to king and realm. This marriage
is a good first step, but I know that it would please the queen to
see the wildling princess wed as well.”
Jon sighed. He was weary of explaining that Val was no true
princess. No matter how often he told them, they never seemed to
hear. “You are persistent, Ser Axell, I grant you that.”
“Do you blame me, my lord? Such a prize is not easily won. A nubile
girl, I hear, and not hard to look upon. Good hips, good breasts,
well made for whelping children.”
“Who would father these children? Ser Patrek? You?”
“Who better? We Florents have the blood of the old Gardener kings in
our veins. Lady Melisandre could perform the rites, as she did for
Lady Alys and the Magnar.”
“All you are lacking is a bride.”
“Easily remedied.” Florent’s smile was so false that it looked
painful. “Where is she, Lord Snow? Have you moved her to one of your
other castles? Greyguard or the Shadow Tower? Whore’s Burrow, with
t’other wenches?” He leaned close. “Some say you have her tucked
away for your own pleasure. It makes no matter to me, so long as she
is not with child. I’ll get my own sons on her. If you’ve broken her
to saddle, well ... we are both men of the world, are we not?”
Jon had heard enough. “Ser Axell, if you are truly the Queen’s Hand,
I pity Her Grace.”
Florent’s face grew flushed with anger. “So it is true.
You mean to keep her for yourself, I see it now. The bastard wants
his father’s seat.”
(Jon X, ADwD)
Once again Jon Snow has to deny the nobility of Val. This time Ser Axell
sets the bar very high by invoking the blood of the old Gardener kings
as a qualifier for being Val's consort.
As a matter of comparison, Davos recalls a painful memory.
Queen Selyse had feasted Salla and his captains, the
night before the fleet had set sail. Cotter Pyke had joined them,
and four other high officers of the Night’s Watch. Princess Shireen
had been allowed to attend as well. As the salmon was being served,
Ser Axell Florent had entertained the table with the tale of a
Targaryen princeling who kept an ape as a pet. This prince liked to
dress the creature in his dead son’s clothes and pretend he was a
child, Ser Axell claimed, and from time to time he would propose
marriages for him. The lords so honored always declined politely,
but of course they did decline. “Even dressed in silk and velvet, an
ape remains an ape,” Ser Axell said. “A wiser prince would have
known that you cannot send an ape to do a man’s work.” The queen’s
men laughed, and several grinned at Davos. I am no ape,
he’d thought. I am as much a lord as you, and a better man.
But the memory still stung.
(Davos II, ADwD)
The metaphor of the princeling and the monkey should apply equally well
to Stannis/Davos and to Stannis/Val if Val were just a common wildling.
In fact, just like the Targaryen prince, attempts to marry Val to
various people. But, Ser Axell has no contempt for the wildling
princess, and proclaims his desire to marry her.
More interestingly even, Axell Florent's final assertion in his
conversation with Jon confirms that Winterfell should come with Val:
“So
it is
true. You mean to keep her for yourself, I see it now.
The bastard wants his father’s seat.”
The subtext seems to be that Winterfell belongs to Val, regardless of
her consort.
Later Stannis would suggest to give
Winterfell to Arnolf Karstark, but there is no explicit mention of Val.
Of course, the Kings of Winter used to rule from Winterfell and the seat
goes with the crown, so Stannis is nothing but consistent here. Of
course, Winterfell, despite being a ruin is of high value to Stannis, as
his struggle with Roose Bolton shows.
What makes Val deserve a crown and Winterfell? See how Jon Snow made the
wrong observation during the ceremony at the Wall just after having
looked at Val and her crown.
Lady Melisandre wore no crown, but every man there knew
that she was Stannis Baratheon's real queen, not the homely woman he
had left to shiver at Eastwatch-by-the-Sea.
(Jon III, ADwD)
The true queen of the day was obviously not Melisandre.
In any case, Dalla and Val seem much more educated than any wildling we
see beyond the Wall. Consider their manner of speaking: Val pronounce
the more articulate
My Lord rather than the common
M'lord
of the small folk and Free Folk. There seems to be an unavoidable
question: Val and Dalla must have had a family or a mentor from whom
they got their education and there is no apparent possibility north of
the Wall. The mentor might have been Lord Brynden, more or less
directly. We have also Leaf : who said:
For him. The Bran boy. I was born in the time of the
dragon, and for two hundred years I walked the world of men, to
watch and listen and learn. I might be walking still, but my legs
were sore and my heart was weary, so I turned my feet for home.”
(Bran III, ADwD)
Could it be that Val and Dalla were Brynden's envoys to Mance, and that
led the King-beyond-the-Wall to adopt the elk and the raven as emblems?
A few more remarks:
Val is blond, which is not common among the First Men. Among the
wildlings, the Weeper is noted for being blond. Grigg the Goat, a raider
who led a party of climbers, is another blond wildling, furthermore
known to Jarl, since Grigg and Jarl competed to be first to reach the
top of the Wall. And Grigg the Goat is fascinated by God's Eye (a
sanctuary of the children of the forest). We have no physical
description of Dalla, except what is related to her pregnancy.
A curiosity: Val doesn't seem to eat pork. Indeed, when Jon Snow visits
the larders at Castle Black, ham and sausage seem to predominate in the
stores. But Val leaves the Wall aprovisioned with the following food.
“Hard bread, hard cheese, oat cakes, salt cod, salt
beef, salt mutton, and a skin of sweet wine to rinse all that salt
out of my mouth. I will not die of hunger.”
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
Perhaps it's a question of personal taste. But bacon
is frequently on the menu during rangin beyond the Wall. But many
wildlings we see do eat pork: Craster, Harma have herds of pigs. Borroq
has a pet boar that he wargs. There is no sign that pigs are considered
impure beyond the Wall. I would be curious to know how Val feels about
Borroq. The contrast seems striking between Val and Ghost, all in white,
appearing together at the Wall in the wildling host on the one hand and
Borroq and his black boar closing the march on the other hand. We could
relate this to other instances of mutual hostility between pigs and dogs
(see Harma who hates dogs, and, far away, the joust of the dwarves in
King's Landing).
Note the wine within Val's provisions. Wildlings do not enjoy a sunny
climate and do not have grapes, let alone wine. So wine is practically
unknown beyond the Wall, except for the occasional trade at Eastwatch.
Of course Mance had enjoyed wine when he was a brother of the Night's
Watch, and wine might occasionally have been brought to the table of the
King Beyond the Wall. However, the wildling seem to drink mead when Jon
is brought to meet Mance in his tent beyond the Wall. Perhaps Val
developped a taste for wine at Stannis' table.
The Children seem to have goats, but not pigs in their caves.
Another curiosity I can't explain: Val seems to change eye color. Here
she is at Melisandre's ceremony:
Her eyes were grey and fearless, unflinching.
(Jon III, ADwD)
And now at her return to the Wall:
...her eyes were blue...
(Jon XI, ADwD)
Of course, blue and grey are close enough, and some eyes in the real
world can pass for either color. But, the distinction is often made
between the Starks' grey eyes and the Tullys' blue eyes, for instance.
So I am not sure what to make of the change. Perhaps Val's eyes are
alike Roose's: very pale, and so lightly colored that they may pass for
grey or blue. Indeed they are described as such.
Val looked at him with pale grey eyes.
(Jon X, ADwD)
However, the white clothes worn by Val upon her return might have
brought up the blue in her eye, by contrast. (The opposite effect of
Aegon, whose eye color shifted to blue by osmosis with his hair color.)
Leaving aside the eye color, it seems obvious that Val and Dalla had an
extraordinary status among the Free Folk, something that Jon Snow never
came to grasp.
8. The Frostfangs and the Horn of Joramun
Mormont mentions a report and formulates a mystery about Mance.
Qhorin Halfhand took a captive in the depths of the
Gorge, and the man swears that Mance Rayder is massing all his
people in some new, secret stronghold he’s found, to what end the
gods only know.
(Jon IX, AGoT)
That would be partially answered by Craster.
“Did he?” Mormont did not seem pleased. “Craster said
much and more last night, and confirmed enough of my fears to
condemn me to a sleepless night on his floor. Mance Rayder is
gathering his people together in the Frostfangs. That’s why the
villages are empty. It is the same tale that Ser Denys Mallister had
from the wildling his men captured in the Gorge, but Craster has
added the where, and that makes all the difference.”
“Is he making a city, or an army?”
“Now, that is the question. How many wildlings are there? How many
men of fighting age? No one knows with certainty. The Frostfangs are
cruel, inhospitable, a wilderness of stone and ice. They will not
long sustain any great number of people. I can see only one purpose
in this gathering. Mance Rayder means to strike south, into the
Seven Kingdoms.”
(Jon III, ACoK)
a wilderness of stone and ice. However, the Halfhand
adds his own report.
“The Wall is seven hundred feet high, and so thick at
the base that it would take a hundred men a year to cut through it
with picks and axes.”
“Even so.”
Mormont plucked at his beard, frowning. “How?”
“How else? Sorcery.” Qhorin bit the egg in half. “Why else would
Mance choose to gather his strength in the Frostfangs? Bleak and
hard they are, and a long weary march from the Wall.” “I’d hoped he
chose the mountains to hide his muster from the eyes of my rangers.”
“Perhaps,” said Qhorin, finishing the egg, “but there is more, I
think. He is seeking something in the high cold places. He is
searching for something he needs.”
“Something?” Mormont’s raven lifted its head and screamed. The sound
was sharp as a knife in the closeness of the tent.
“Some power. What it is, our captive could not say. He was
questioned perhaps too sharply, and died with much unsaid. I doubt
he knew in any case.”
(Jon V, ACoK)
He is seeking something in the high cold places.
Note that the Halfhand believes in sorcery. Note the scream of the
raven. Someone is listening. Later we would learn from Ygritte.
“Not for fear!” She kicked savagely at the ice beneath
her with a heel, chopping out a chunk. “I’m crying because we never
found the Horn of Winter. We opened half a hundred graves and let
all those shades loose in the world, and never found the Horn of
Joramun to bring this cold thing down!”
(Jon VII, ASoS)
I suppose the mention of
shades is pure superstition. Ygritte
does not say what warded these graves. Iron swords? Jon would tell maester
Aemon.
“The Horn of Winter is an ancient legend. Does the
King-beyond-the-Wall truly believe that such a thing exists?”
“They all do,” said Jon. “Ygritte said they opened a hundred
graves... graves of kings and heroes, all over the valley of the
Milkwater, but they never...”
(Jon VI, ASoS)
I don't know what Mance was looking for. But the
mystery is long running one, since it covers all books. I can only
discuss the mere existence of those graves.
We have no idea who those kings and heroes were. They certainly don't
belong to the current wildling culture, since the wildlings burn their
deads. I suppose the kings and heroes date from a period when the
funerary practices were different. Did they live in the Dawn Age, which
followed the arrival of the First Men in Westeros, when men were hostile
to the Children of the Forest? My guess is that the Wildlings adopted
cremation after the Long Night, because of the fear of having their dead
turned into wights, and not before since it was the first time the
Others were seen by men in Westeros. So perhaps the kings and heroes
date from the Dawn Age, and are in any case First Men. Why would they be
buried so high in inhospitable mountains? The Eyrie chapter might give
the solution to that riddle.
The builders had intended it as a godswood, but the
Eyrie rested on the hard stone of the mountain, and no matter how
much soil was hauled up from the Vale, they could not get a weirwood
to take root here.
(Catelyn VII, AGoT)
So a weirwood does not seem to grow above a certain
altitude. Indeed, the Frostfangs are bare and treeless. So the bones in
these high altitude graves would out of reach of the weirwoods of the
Children of the Forest. The memories of the kings and heroes wouldn't
enter the network of trees controlled by the Greenseers. Recall that
during the Dawn Age, Men and Children were enemies.
Mance's search makes me think of the Pact of the children and men.
Indeed,
“There they forged the Pact. The First Men were given
the coastlands, the high plains and bright meadows, the mountains
and bogs, but the deep woods were to remain forever the children’s,
and no more weirwoods were to be put to the axe anywhere in the
realm. So the gods might bear witness to the signing, every tree on
the island was given a face, and afterward, the sacred order of
green men was formed to keep watch over the Isle of Faces.
“The Pact began four thousand years of friendship between men and
children. In time, the First Men even put aside the gods they had
brought with them, and took up the worship of the secret gods of the
wood. The signing of the Pact ended the Dawn Age, and began the Age
of Heroes.”
(Bran VII, AGoT)
So according to the Pact, the mountains belong to men, and the forest to
the children. The Pact was still enduring at the time of Joramun, since
Luwin adds.
“Oh, very well,” Luwin muttered. “So long as the
kingdoms of the First Men held sway, the
Pact endured, all through the Age of Heroes and the Long Night and
the birth of the Seven Kingdoms, yet finally there came a time, many
centuries later, when other peoples crossed the narrow sea.
(Bran VII, AGoT)
It seems Joramun lived during the Age of Heroes. And Mance came to the
conclusion that such a king has been buried outside the realm of the the
children of the forest.
It's worth noting that Mance has searched for the horn in a glacier,
which mirrors Euron's quest for his horn in the smoking ruins of Valyria
(ice and fire respectively).
We have already mentioned Mance's emblem as the King-beyond-the-Wall:
elk antlers and raven wings, which both allude to the children of the
forest, and to Coldhands. One wonders whether Mance is not helped by
this connection in his quest for the horn of Joramun, and if he has not
been guided to the Frostfangs by the children. Otherwise, we might
simply suppose that Mance knew the story of the Pact. In any case,
Mance's quest seems to imply that the fabled Horn of Joramun is outside
the reach of Lord Brynden and the remaining children of the forest. It's
difficult to presume what their aim is. But Brynden seems to be able to
watch everywhere where there are trees. The children seem to have helped
the Watch in the past by offering dragonglass, and there is no sign that
they would wish for the destruction of the Wall.
Here is another detail that might add some perspective to Mance's
interest in old graves.
The night your father feasted Robert, I sat in the back
of his hall on a bench with the other freeriders, listening to
Orland of Oldtown play the high harp and sing of dead kings beneath
the sea.
(Jon I, ASoS)
The bones of the dead kings beneath the sea might
have been buried there to be put out the reach of the weirwoods. Indeed,
Gilly tells Sam on the Narrow Sea:
“The trees watch over us,” Gilly whispered, brushing the
tears from his cheeks. “In the forest, they see all . . . but there
are no trees here. Only water, Sam. Only water.”
(Samwell IV, AFfC)
Orland of Oldtown reappears at Joffrey's wedding. Unfortunately,
Joffrey's murder prevents us to hear him sing. Will Orland play a role
in the story of Mance's son, who is now in Oldtown?
The way Mance speaks of Orland makes us think of a fraternity of
minstrels. After all Mance has learnt his southern songs from someone, I
presume a singer like Dareon, that he came across at the Wall. Mance has
a passion for wildling music, but the wildlings do not make elaborated
instruments like lutes, unless I am mistaken. They have drums and pipes
and horns, and probably bone flutes, and perhaps rudimentary lyres. So
Mance learned to play the lute and the harp from from someone else than
ordinary wildlings, possibly another another black brother.
Let's return to the horn found by Mance.
Two queen’s men brought forth the Horn of Joramun, black
and banded with old gold, eight feet long from end to end. Runes
were carved into the golden bands, the writing of the First Men.
Joramun had died thousands of years ago, but Mance had found his
grave beneath a glacier, high up in the Frostfangs. And Joramun blew
the Horn of Winter, and woke giants from the earth. Ygritte had told
Jon that Mance never found the horn. She lied, or else Mance kept it
secret even from his own.
(Jon III, ADwD)
It is sacrificed by Melisandre along Rattleshirt.
The Horn of Joramun burst into flame.
It went up with a whoosh as swirling tongues of green and yellow
fire leapt up crackling all along its length. Jon’s garron shied
nervously, and up and down the ranks others fought to still their
mounts as well. A moan came from the stockade as the free folk saw
their hope afire. A few began to shout and curse, but most lapsed
into silence. For half a heartbeat the runes graven on the gold
bands seemed to shimmer in the air. The queen’s men gave a heave and
sent the horn tumbling down into the fire pit.
(Jon III, ADwD)
Tormund seems to regret the loss.
“She burned that fine big horn, aye. A bloody
sin, I call it. A thousand years old, that was. We found it in a
giant’s grave, and no man o’ us had ever seen a horn so big. That
must have been why Mance got the notion to tell you it were
Joramun’s. He wanted you crows to think he had it in his power to
blow your bloody Wall down about your knees. But we never found the
true horn, not for all our digging. If we had, every kneeler in your
Seven Kingdoms would have chunks o’ ice to cool his wine all summer.
(Jon XII, ADwD)
The horn definitely recalls Euron's horn.
That horn you heard I found amongst the smoking ruins
that were Valyria, where no man has dared to walk but me. You heard
its call, and felt its power. It is a dragon horn, bound with bands
of red gold and Valyrian steel graven with enchantments. The
dragonlords of old sounded such horns, before the Doom devoured
them. With this horn, ironmen, I can bind dragons to my will.
(The Drowned Man, AFfC)
Euron's horn has Valyrian glyphs instead of runes (confirmed by Moqorro).
The
whoosh of the horn in flames with its runes makes me think
of the red priest in Volantis.
Benerro jabbed a finger at the moon, made a fist, spread
his hands wide. When his voice rose in a crescendo, flames leapt
from his fingers with a sudden whoosh and made the crowd gasp. The
priest could trace fiery letters in the air as well. Valyrian
glyphs.
(Tyrion VII, ADwD)
So it's possible that the "Horn of Joramun" had
Valyrian glyphs, or that it has been made from a dragon's horn. Perhaps,
Euron's and Joramun's horns were made out of the two horns of the same
dragon. However, one is curved and the other is twisted. The only other
creatures endowed with such large horns seem to be the larger turtles
who swim the Rhoyne. In any case, I tend to believe Tormund's version,
which asserts that giants' graves are to be found in the Frostfangs. Did
the giant in the grave die when he attempted to blow the horn, just like
Euron's mongrel?
Two red priests, Melisandre and Moqorro, came into contact with two
similar horns. Note that both recognized the importance of the horns but
acted very differently. The burning of the horn is likely to be
Melisandre's idea. I'd be curious to learn her reasoning for doing so.
Of course, it might only be the necessity to sacrifice something to the
Lord of Light.
To return to the Horn of Joramun. Jon Snow remembers what he learned
about it.
Joramun had died thousands of years ago, but Mance had
found his grave beneath a glacier, high up in the Frostfangs. And
Joramun blew the Horn of Winter, and woke giants from the earth.
(Jon III, ASoS)
But Tormund tells it differently.
“Melisandre burned the Horn of Joramun.”
“Did she?” Tormund slapped his thigh and hooted. “She burned that
fine big horn, aye. A bloody sin, I call it. A thousand years old,
that was. We found it in a giant’s grave, and no man o’ us had ever
seen a horn so big. That must have been why Mance got the notion to
tell you it were Joramun’s. He
wanted you crows to think he had it in his power to blow your bloody
Wall down about your knees. But we never found the true horn, not
for all our digging. If we had, every kneeler in your Seven Kingdoms
would have chunks o’ ice to cool his wine all summer.”
(Jon XII, ASoS)
So I accept that the horn burned at the Wall was not the Horn of Winter.
Of course, that raises questions about the horn found by Ghost near the
Fist of the First Men.
Beneath the dragonglass was an old warhorn, made from an
auroch’s horn and banded in bronze.
(Jon IV, ACoK)
The warhorn he had given to Sam. On closer examination
the horn had proved cracked, and even after he had cleaned all the
dirt out, Jon had been unable to get any sound from it. The rim was
chipped as well, but Sam liked old things, even worthless old
things. “Make a drinking horn out of it,” Jon told him, “and every
time you take a drink you’ll remember how you ranged beyond the
Wall, all the way to the Fist of the First Men.” He gave Sam a
spearhead and a dozen arrowheads as well, and passed the rest out
among his other friends for luck.
(Jon V, ACoK)
But I have no opinion on the value of that Horn, which seems more common
than Mance's Horn. It doesn't seem very different from the horns the
Thenns have with them.
Joramun was a wildling King-beyong-the-Wall, the oldest we hear about.
Aye, and long before them came the Horned Lord and the
brother kings Gendel and Gorne, and in ancient days Joramun, who
blew the Horn of Winter and woke giants from the earth. Each man of
them broke his strength on the Wall, or was broken by the power of
Winterfell on the far side . . .
(Jon V, ACoK)
There is an interplay between Joramun's story and the story of Night's
King.
The gathering gloom put Bran in mind of another of Old
Nan’s stories, the tale of Night’s King. He had been the thirteenth
man to lead the Night’s Watch, she said; a warrior who knew no fear.
“And that was the fault in him,” she would add, “for all men must
know fear.” A woman was his downfall; a woman glimpsed from atop the
Wall, with skin as white as the moon and eyes like blue stars.
Fearing nothing, he chased her and caught her and loved her, though
her skin was cold as ice, and when he gave his seed to her he gave
his soul as well.
He brought her back to the Nightfort and proclaimed her a queen and
himself her king, and with strange sorceries he bound his Sworn
Brothers to his will. For thirteen years they had ruled, Night’s
King and his corpse queen, till finally the Stark of Winterfell and
Joramun of the wildlings had joined to free the Watch from bondage.
After his fall, when it was found he had been sacrificing to the
Others, all records of Night’s King had been destroyed, his very
name forbidden.
(Bran III, ASoS)
That must have been an interesting time. Since the record on Night's
King has been destroyed, and his name forbidden, much has been forgotten
about Joramun as well. Our knowledge of Joramun's biography consists in
three chapters:
- he blew the Horn of Winter and woke giants from the earth,
- he joined with the Stark in Winterfell to defeat Night's King,
- he tried to invade the South and was defeated either by the Watch
or by the Stark.
And there is the notion that his Horn would bring down the Wall. Are the
three chapters articulated in the following way? Night's King rules the
Watch and oppresses the Wildlings beyond the Wall, by sacrificing them.
Joramun blows the Horn to break the Wall and invade south, but is
stopped by the Stark in Winterfell. Finally Joramun and the Stark ally
against Night's King. Or is it that Joramun blew the Horn to defeat
Night's King, and destroys the Wall, but is then stopped by the power of
Winterfell? And then we would need to explain the role of the giants.
Recall that Old Nan takes for a certainty that Night's King was a Stark.
Furthermore, Night's King was the thirteenth commander of the Night's
Watch, if the tales are to be believed. If we accept that His "reign"
might have come a century after the end of the Long Night. The end of
the Long Night came at about the same time than the building of the Wall
and of Winterfell, I presume. So all this happened when the Starks and
the Wall were young institutions, and when the wildlings had not been
isolated by the Wall for long.
When Qhorin and Mormont wonder what Mance is looking for in the
Frostfangs, they never consider the Horn of Joramun, even when Qhorin
mentions sorcery. But Lord Mormont mentions Joramun as one of the former
kings-beyond-the-Wall. We hear for the first time the idea that the Horn
would bring down the Wall from Ygritte.
So I am not sure what to think. The idea that the Horn could destroy the
Wall does not seem to be known in the Watch. Did Mance and co invent it?
In that case, that raises serious questions about the Flints in
Winterfell. Indeed, here is one of them when Crowfood blows his horn:
“Do they mean to try and blow our walls down?” japed a
Flint when the warhorn sounded once again. “Mayhaps he thinks he’s
found the Horn of Joramun.”
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
Recall that Old Nan takes for a certainty that Night's King was a Stark,
the brother of the Stark of Winterfell. Furthermore, Night's King was
the thirteenth commander of the Night's Watch, if the tales are to be
believed. If we accept that His "reign" might have come a century after
the end of the Long Night. The end of the Long Night came at about the
same time than the building of the Wall and of Winterfell. So Joramun is
closely related to the Starks, as he was in the middle of a fratricide
struggle. If Joramun was ultimately defeated by the Stark in Winterfell,
it is possible that the Starks took the horn and buried it under
Winterfell with their dead
. We have no indication that
the Starks put anything of value in the tombs, though
. In
any case, the First Men had the habit of engraving runes on the tombs of
their kings, as we see in Oldstones.
The lid of the sepulcher had been carved into a likeness
of the man whose bones lay beneath, but the rain and the wind had
done their work. The king had worn a beard, they could see, but
otherwise his face was smooth and featureless, with only vague
suggestions of a mouth, a nose, eyes, and the crown about the
temples. His hands folded over the shaft of a stone warhammer that
lay upon his chest. Once the warhammer would have been carved with
runes that told its name and history, but all that the centuries had
worn away. The stone itself was cracked and crumbling at the comers,
discolored here and there by spreading white splotches of lichen,
while wild roses crept up over the king’s feet almost to his chest.
(Catelyn V, ASoS)
So something on the story of the Stark that defeated Joramun and Night's
King has to be written somewhere in the deepest level of the crypts
.
That might be what Mance is thinking as he comes to Winterfell. And
Mance might continue his failed quest of the Frostfangs in the crypts of
Winterfell
. We do not know whether Mance, or any other
character, can read runes.
However, when the horn is burned at the Wall.
Runes were carved into the golden bands, the writing of
the First Men. Joramun had died thousands of years ago, but Mance
had found his grave beneath a glacier, high up in the Frostfangs.
(Jon III, ADwD)
We don't know if Mance found Joramun's grave. But it seems Mance could
recognize the grave, and that could only be by reading runes. So, either
Mance can read runes, or someone with him could.
Mance would never reveal either to Jon or (under all appearances) to
Melisandre, his new friend, that the horn found in the Frostfangs was
not the true Horn of Joramun. By contrast, Ygritte told Jon of Mance's
failure in his quest, and much later Tormund revealed the ploy at his
return to the Wall. Note that he is not entirely sure of Mance's
reasoning (
That must have been why Mance got the notion to tell you
it were Joramun’s.) Val didn't reveal it either. It might
indicate that Mance still nurtures the hope to find the true Horn.
9. The Conqueror
Whatever qualities Mance had as a King, he seems to
be a mediocre battle commander. His entreprise to conquer the Wall has
failed largely because of his mistakes. Chiefly, he trusted Jon Snow.
Otherwise, the Thenns would have conquered Castle Black. The battle at
the Wall was lost partly in reason of the fierce resistance led by Jon
Snow and mainly because of the arrival of Stannis. Of course, nobody
could have expected that an army would sail from Dragonstone to save the
Wall. But Maester Aemon had appealed to all the realm, particular to the
northmen. It was to be expected that some force would be sent for the
defense of the Wall. So Mance should not be entirely absolved for not
thinking that an army would come to the rescue the Night's Watch.
Moreover, Mance's host was defeated by what was, after all, a modest
army by the standards of the Seven Kingdoms.
In all frankness, Mance's inability or unwillingness to enforce military
discipline makes him all the more sympathetic.
But this inability to lead was to be expected. When
your personal philosophy is all about personal freedom, how can you lead
an effective army?
I will not discuss Mance's tactics in his failed
conquest of the Wall, but rather what Mance planned to do had he
conquered the Wall. Several King-Beyond-the-Wall had come south of the
Wall in the past, as Mance says:
“Raymun Redbeard, Bael the Bard, Gendel and Gorne, the
Horned Lord, they all came south to conquer, but I’ve come with my
tail between my legs to hide behind your Wall.”
(Jon X, ASoS)
Before, Jon Snow and Lord Mormont had discussed the question.
“Wildlings have invaded the realm before.” Jon had heard
the tales from Old Nan and Maester Luwin both, back at Winterfell.
“Raymun Redbeard led them south in the time of my grandfather’s
grandfather, and before him there was a king named Bael the Bard.”
“Aye, and long before them came the Horned Lord and the brother
kings Gendel and Gorne, and in ancient days Joramun, who blew the
Horn of Winter and woke giants from the earth. Each man of them
broke his strength on the Wall, or was broken by the power of
Winterfell on the far side . . . but the Night’s Watch is only a
shadow of what we were, and who remains to oppose the wildlings
besides us? The Lord of Winterfell is dead, and his heir has marched
his strength south to fight the Lannisters. The wildlings may never
again have such a chance as this. I knew Mance Rayder, Jon. He is an
oathbreaker, yes . . . but he has eyes to see, and no man has ever
dared to name him faint heart.”
(Jon V, ACoK)
The story the last of the King-beyond-the-Wall, Raymun Redbeard, is told
in more detail.
If the climbers reached the top of the Wall undetected,
however, everything changed. Given time, they could carve out a
toehold for themselves up there, throwing up ramparts of their own
and dropping ropes and ladders for thousands more to clamber over
after them. That was how Raymun Redbeard had done it, Raymun who had
been King-beyond-the-Wall in the days of his grandfather’s
grandfather. Jack Musgood had been the lord commander in those days.
Jolly Jack, he was called before Redbeard came down upon the north;
Sleepy Jack, forever after. Raymun’s host had met a bloody end on
the shores of Long Lake, caught between Lord Willam of Winterfell
and the Drunken Giant, Harmond Umber. Red-beard had been slain by
Artos the Implacable, Lord Willam’s younger brother. The Watch
arrived too late to fight the wildlings, but in time to bury them,
the task that Artos Stark assigned them in his wroth as he grieved
above the headless corpse of his fallen brother.
(Jon II, ADwD)
In effect, a host of wildlings is to be defeated by
any disciplined army, like the one brought by Stannis beyond the Wall.
After the Wall, the natural defenders of the Realm are the Starks and
the lords of the northernmost lands: the Umbers and the mountain clans.
Mance knew all these stories better than anyone. Certainly he had
planned for his people beyond the Wall.
Disguised as Rattleshirt, Mance says
A man who has climbed the Wall half a hundred times can
climb in a window easy enough.
(Melisandre, ADwD)
I believe the words sincerely come from Mance. What did he do so many
times south of the Wall? I guess Mance prepared somehow the coming of
his people to the Seven Kingdoms. It might have to do with Dalla and the
intriguing resemblance with the Moonsinger tradition. Of course the War
of the Five Kings was a providential opportunity to sneak in the Seven
Kingdoms. But in the long term, there is no place for the wildlings in a
feudal society. Jon said so to Ygritte:
“I don’t doubt that you’re all very brave, but
when it comes to battle, discipline beats valor every time. In the
end Mance will fail as all the Kings-beyond-the-Wall have failed
before him. And when he does, you’ll die. All of you.”
(Jon V, ASoS)
Nevertheless, Mance had no plan to integrate the Free Folk to the Seven
Kingdoms and said so to Jon.
“You can kill your enemies,” Jon said bluntly, “but can
you rule your friends? If we let your people pass, are you strong
enough to make them keep the king’s peace and obey the laws?”
“Whose laws? The laws of Winterfell and King’s Landing?” Mance
laughed. “When we want laws we’ll make our own. You can keep your
king’s justice too, and your king’s taxes. I’m offering you the
horn, not our freedom. We will not kneel to you.”
(Jon X, ASoS)
The point is repetitively made that even in the case
the Free Folk conquer the Wall, the wildlings will never be tolerated
south of the Wall, as historical precedents have shown. It is a mystery
that Mance is well aware of this, never seems worried and never spells
out his plan.
The first people Mance would have met south of the Gift are the Mountain
clans and the Umbers.
We can examine the relation to the mountain clans. There are a few hints
that Mance had contacts with them. The first hint is given by Jon when
he advises Stannis to pay a visit to the clans.
“Ask, I said, not beg.” Jon pulled back his hand. “It is
no good sending messages. Your Grace will need to go to them
yourself. Eat their bread and salt, drink their ale, listen to their
pipers, praise the beauty of their daughters and the courage of
their sons, and you’ll have their swords. The clans have not seen a
king since Torrhen Stark bent his knee. Your coming does them honor.
Command them to fight for you, and they will look at one another and
say, ‘Who is this man? He is no king of mine.’ ”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
So visiting the clans in quality of
King-beyond-the-Wall could have earned Mance friends in the mountains.
In fact, he could have gained respect in another way.
Clan champions fight with huge two-handed greatswords,
while the common men sling stones and batter one another with staffs
of mountain ash.
(Jon IV, ADwD)
When Mance, disguised as Rattleshirt, fights Jon Snow, here is his weapon
of choice.
The wildling waved away the shield Horse offered him.
Instead he asked for a two-handed sword.
(Jon VI, ADwD)
Mance is a formidable fighter who had established his
valor versus all would-be-Kings-Beyond-the-Wall. When (what was believed
to be) Mance's son is in need of a milkmaid, Old Flint and The Norrey
show up at the Wall for Alys Karstark's wedding.
Old Flint and The Norrey had been given places of high
honor just below the dais. Both men had been too old to march with
Stannis; they had sent their sons and grandsons in their stead. But
they had been quick enough to descend on Castle Black for the
wedding. Each had brought a wet nurse to the Wall as well.
(Jon X, ADwD)
Why such diligence for Mance if they do not have
respect for the former King-beyond-the-Wall?
I find odd that the mountain clans did not answer maester Aemon's call
for help. We see that they can mobilize thousands of men for Stannis, we
see that Old Flint and the Norrey come swiftly for Alys Karstark's
wedding. How is it that they did not send help to the Wall when it was
under attack by Mance's host?
Finally, there is a curious hint. The mountain clans
call their chiefs "The Norrey", "The Wull" etc. Ned Stark is "The Ned"
for them. When Jon Snow asks Mance how the King-beyond-the-Wall should
be addressed.
I’m Mance to most, The Mance to some.
(Jon I, ASoS)
The connection between Mance and the Umbers are less
clear. First, both Mors and Hother have a solid hate of the wildlings.
Indeed, Mors' daughter has been kidnapped by raiders. Stannis tell us
how hostile Mors is to Mance.
“Half of them, and only if I meet this Crowfood’s
price,” said Stannis, in an irritated tone. “He wants Mance Rayder’s
skull for a drinking cup, and he wants a pardon for his brother, who
has ridden south to join Bolton. Whoresbane, he’s called.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
At the Harvest Feast in Winterfell, we hear Hother complain about the
wildling raiders who come via the Bay of Seals. Mance has been to the
Umber domains at least once. Here was his itinirary to go to Winterfell.
The Wall can stop an army, but not a man alone. I took a
lute and a bag of silver, scaled the ice near Long Barrow, walked a
few leagues south of the New Gift, and bought a horse.
(Jon I, ASoS)
Long Barrow is east of Castle Black, close to Eastwatch. So Mance
necessarily crossed the vast Umber Lands. Mance even managed to buy a
horse. We are told that the Umber keep a close eye on their lands.
Those are Umber lands, where they know every tree and
every rock. The kingsroad runs along their western marches for a
hundred leagues. Mors will cut your host to pieces unless you meet
his terms and win him to your cause.
(Jon IV, ASoS)
At least, it means that Mance is at ease with traveling in this
territory.
However, just before the battle at the Wall, maester Aemon asked the
whole realm for help, sending two ravens to every destination in the
north.
To the Umbers and the Boltons, to Castle Cerwyn and
Torrhen’s Square, Karhold and Deepwood Motte, to Bear Island,
Oldcastle, Widow’s Watch, White Harbor, Barrowton, and the Rills, to
the mountain fastnesses of the Liddles, the Burleys, the Norreys,
the Harclays, and the Wulls, the black birds brought their plea.
Wildlings at the gate. The north in danger. Come with all your
strength.
(Jon VII, ASoS)
One can understand that many northern houses were
unable to offer much because of the war of the Five Kings and because of
the disaster of the Battle of Winterfell. However, the mountain clans
did not participate to either war. The Umbers had massed men beyond the
Last River before the battle in Winterfell. The absence of the Umbers
during the sack of Winterfell is one of the unsolved mysteries of ACoK,
especially since we know they had troops ready. They did not send a
single man to defend Castle Black, despite living relatively close,
despite the dire needs of the Night's Watch, and despite the the Umber
tradition of guarding the realm against the wildlings. Just a few
generations ago, Raymun Redbeard had been smashed by a Stark-Umber
coalition.
What were the Umbers and the clans doing when Mance was on the brink of
breaking the Night's Watch?
10. Aemon Steelsong
It is the name Sam and Gilly have chosen for Mance's
son, to be declared after the boy has reached his second birthday. The
baby seems strong and healthy, since he outgrew Gilly's son. We saw
already the interest the mountain clans have in Mance's son.
We never see Mance express grief at Dalla's death, or any desire to see
his son, or any wish for the wellbeing of the child. I assume that
happened out of our view, since Dalla was so dear to Mance. Of course,
Val knows about the baby switch, in the quality of wisewoman and
caregiver of the baby during the early monthes and Melisandre as well.
There is this interesting exchange as Val leaves the Wall.
“Monster?”
“His milk name. I had to call him something. See that he stays safe
and warm. For his mother’s sake, and mine. And keep him away from
the red woman. She knows who he is. She sees things in her fires.”
Arya, he thought, hoping it was so. “Ashes and cinders.”
“Kings and dragons.”
Dragons again. For a moment Jon could almost see them too, coiling
in the night, their dark wings outlined against a sea of flame. “If
she knew, she would have taken the boy away from us. Dalla’s boy,
not your monster. A word in the king’s ear would have been the end
of it.” And of me. Stannis would have taken it for treason. “Why let
it happen if she knew?”
“Because it suited her. Fire is a fickle thing. No one knows which
way a flame will go.”
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
Nevertheless, Melisandre believes the son to be dear to Mance.
“Our false king has a prickly manner,” Melisandre told
Jon Snow, “but he will not betray you. We hold his son, remember.
And he owes you his very life.”
(Melisandre, ADwD)
The attachment of Mance to his son, might be a way
for Melisandre to rationalize Mance's servitude in a manner that Jon
would accept. But in the earlier conversation between Mance and
Melisandre, the question of Mance's son never arises. As if the
motivation for Mance's mission wasn't the situation of his son as
hostage. Both Val and Melisandre know that Mance's son went away with
Gilly. Val seems to know that Mance is alive, but perhaps not that he is
disguised as Rattleshirt. So she might not have been able to tell Mance.
However, it's an open question to determine whether Mance knows his son
is on the way to Oldtown.
Here is the earliest description we have of Mance's son.
The boy did not have a name yet, no more than Gilly’s
did. That was the wildling way. Not even Mance Rayder’s son would
get a name till his third year, it would seem, though Sam had heard
the brothers calling him “the little prince” and “born-in-battle.”
(Samwell IV, ASoS)
The insistence of the men of the Watch, later of Selyse, of Stannis to
call the boy
little prince is queer. It seems they see in him
much value. Does this value derive from Dalla or Mance?
The future of the boy is interesting. The last time we see him, he is with
his wet nurse Gilly aboard the
Cinnamon Wind, as Sam is about to
pay a visit to the Citadel, he talks to Kojja Mo.
“Can Gilly stay aboard till I return?”
“Gilly can stay as long as she likes.” She poked Sam in the
belly with a finger. “She does not eat so much as some.”
(Samwell V, AFfC)
Later in the day, Sam told his whole story to Alleras, with a little
restriction.
He held back only the secrets that he was sworn to keep,
about Bran Stark and his companions and the babes Jon Snow had
swapped.
(Samwell V, AFfC)
And repeated it to Marwyn. Here is
Marwyn's reaction.
“Get myself to Slaver’s Bay, in Aemon’s place. The swan
ship that delivered Slayer should serve my needs well enough. The
grey sheep will send their man on a galley, I don’t doubt. With fair
winds I should reach her first.”
[...]
“Sphinx, look after this one.”
“I will,” Alleras answered, but the archmaester was already
gone. They heard his boots stomping down the steps.
“Where has he gone?” asked Sam, bewildered.
“To the docks. The Mage is not a man who believes in wasting
time.”
(Samwell V, AFfC)
It seems to me that Marwyn is about to
take Gilly, Mance's son and Aemon's corpse with him to Slaver's Bay on
the
Cinnamon Wind. Didn't Kojja Mo say
:
Gilly can stay as long as she likes?
Indeed, Aemon's corpse is still aboard.
He will still burn, Sam thought miserably, only now I
have to do it. The Targaryens always gave their fallen to the
flames. Quhuru Mo would not allow a funeral pyre aboard the Cinnamon
Wind, so Aemon’s corpse had been stuffed inside a cask of blackbelly
rum to preserve it until the ship reached Oldtown.
(Samwell IV, AFfC)
We know little of Marwyn, and even less of what he has understood of
Sam's story, especially what concerns the baby switch. But it seems to
me that there is an extraordinary value in Mance's son
,
and that it is no accident that Marwyn will bring him to Slaver's Bay.
The more I think of it, the more I think that the arrival of the ship of
the Summer Islander is a bit too providential, especially since Marwyn
has been watching the arrival of the ship all along with the glass
candles. It leaves me to wonder whether Marwyn did not arrange for the
ship to pick both Aemons in Braavos. It might even be that the
destination of the ship will be more to the east than Slaver's Bay:
Asshai, from where the silk, and perhaps the sorcery, that changed the
course of Mance's life came from.
One wonders what role Val played in the baby switch. Indeed, she
insisted that Melisandre would burn the baby, and might have manipulated
Jon Snow.
11. The offering to R'hllor
Mance has miraculously escaped R'hllor's fire, making
him a member of Jaqen H'ghar's club – and the life due to the red god
has been paid by Rattleshirt. It seems Stannis was most insistent to
burn his fellow king as deserter to the Night's Watch.
“I have spent hours speaking with the man. He knows much
and more of our true enemy, and there is cunning in him, I’ll grant
you. Even if he were to renounce his kingship, though, the man
remains an oathbreaker. Suffer one deserter to live, and you
encourage others to desert. No. Laws should be made of iron, not of
pudding. Mance Rayder’s life is forfeit by every law of the Seven
Kingdoms.”
(Jon I, ADwD)
I wonder what Mance told Stannis. I suspect that Val's subsequent
preferential treatment comes from that conversation. Indeed, Dalla, and
by extension Val, seemed the one to have knowledge about the Others.
Like Tormund, Stannis insists on Mance's cunning.
If Dalla and Mance's son have a claim to royalty, as some seem to
believe, it does not derive from Mance, but rather from Val and Dalla's
family, whatever it is.
Val tried desperately to intercede.
Val begged the king to spare him. She said she’d let
some kneeler marry her and never slit his throat if only Mance could
live.
(Jon II, ADwD)
I suspect Val did not intercede for nothing, and was asked to do something
in return. Indeed, she played a prominent role in Melisandre's ceremony.
The king’s eyes were blue bruises, sunk deep in a hollow
face. He wore grey plate, a fur-trimmed cloak of cloth-of-gold
flowing from his broad shoulders. His breastplate had a flaming
heart inlaid above his own. Girding his brows was a red-gold crown
with points like twisting flames. Val stood beside him, tall and
fair. They had crowned her with a simple circlet of dark bronze, yet
she looked more regal in bronze than Stannis did in gold. Her eyes
were grey and fearless, unflinching. Beneath an ermine cloak, she
wore white and gold. Her honey-blond hair had been done up in a
thick braid that hung over her right shoulder to her waist. The
chill in the air had put color in her cheeks.
(Jon III, ADwD)
It seems that she played her role willingly. I
suppose that Melisandre agreed to spare Mance under the condition that
Val would appear at the ceremony. I would be surprised if Val didn't
know that Mance has been saved. Indeed, she shows no emotion when Mance
is seen by all on the pyre.
Val stood on the platform as still as if she had been
carved of salt. She will not weep nor look away. Jon wondered what
Ygritte would have done in her place. The women are the strong ones.
(Jon III, ADwD)
In my opinion, Jon is mistaken and Val knew that
Mance has been spared. We will return to the relations
between Melisandre and Val.
How is it that Melisandre agreed to burn a common man in place of a
king? We were told all along that king's blood is important for R'hllor.
The initiative carries much risk, especially since it is a treason of
Stannis and a deception for all the followers of the red god.
12. The Lord of Bones
After his false execution, Mance spent some time in
Rattleshirt's guise: an assortment of bones, including a giant's skull
as a helm. Here is the original Lord o' bones as he approaches Jon and
Qhorin.
Their leader came on alone, riding a beast that seemed
more goat than horse, from the surefooted way it climbed the uneven
slope. As man and mount grew nearer Jon could hear them clattering;
both were armored in bones. Cow bones, sheep bones, the bones of
goats and aurochs and elk, the great bones of the hairy mammoths . .
. and human bones as well.
“Rattleshirt,” Qhorin called down, icy-polite.
“To crows I be the Lord o’ Bones.” The rider’s helm was made from
the broken skull of a giant, and all up and down his arms bearclaws
had been sewn to his boiled leather.
Qhorin snorted. “I see no lord. Only a dog dressed in chickenbones,
who rattles when he rides.”
The wildling hissed in anger, and his mount reared. He did rattle,
Jon could hear it; the bones were strung together loosely, so they
clacked and clattered when he moved.
(Jon VIII, ACoK)
I wonder what does the title "Lord of Bones" mean?
First recall Melisandre's pronouncement: "The bones remember". It seems
important in the north to bring back the bones of the deceased. The Lord
of Bones would seem to be a priest's title. And it evokes some form of
necromancy. But we never saw Rattleshirt perform any ritual or play any
role of a religious nature. He appeared to us as an ordinary raider, a
rather mean character, with some status among the wildlings but devoid
of any particular wisdom. However, it may be that in the past the role
of Lord of Bones meant something serious, which has been lost when the
wildling took the habit of burning their dead.
I find interesting to compare the Lord of Bones to the Silent Sisters,
whose role is to recover and transport the bones of the deceased. The
Silent Sisters are reputed to speak with the dead, since they do not
speak to the living anymore. I wouldn't be surprised if the Lord of
Bones were able to communicate with the dead. In particular, I wonder if
the Lord of Bones' assistance wasn't helpful to Mance when he was
opening those graves in the Frostfangs.
I am intrigued by Rattleshirt's mount: is it a horse
that resemble a goat in its ability to walk on mountainous terrain? Or
is really an animal that Jon Snow can not identify? That reminds me of
Coldhands, and of the fact that the Children of the Forest had no horse.
Did the beast come with the office of "Lord of Bones"? The most
significant piece in Rattleshirt costume is certainly the giant's skull.
Was this giant the original Lord of Bones long ago? Or is the title
inherited from the Giant Folk somehow? Just after Orell, in his second
life as an eagle, had attacked Jon Snow, he perched himself on the giant
skull.
“There’s your hellcrow!” Rattleshirt pointed at Jon.
“Bleeding in the mud like a faithless dog!”
The eagle came flapping down to land atop the broken giant’s skull
that served him for his helm.
(Jon II, ASoS)
By assuming the guise of the Lord of Bones, Mance might have inherited a
title of some consequence, which meant little for a common man like
Rattleshirt, but which could fulfill its potential in Mance. Mance has
assumed the guise of Lord of Bones for months in Castle Black. It was
done using magic, glamor. I am tempted to liken this to warging, and to
the change of faces of the faceless men. In those cases, the change of
bodily shape leaves a mark on the mind and the soul. So it seems
legitimate to ask whether Mance has been affected internally by his
disguise, especially since Melisandre tells us that "The bones
remember".
Did Mance bring along the Lord of Bones' attire in Winterfell?
All this is largely conjectural, but could prove relevant in the crypts
of Winterfell. Indeed, the title of Lord of Bones might mean something
for the dead under Winterfell.
There might be another connection to the dead. When he left the Wall as
the Lord of Bones, Mance's destination had been determined by
Melisandre: Long Lake. As it happens, there are bones on the shores of
Long Lake.
If the climbers reached the top of the Wall undetected,
however, everything changed. Given time, they could carve out a
toehold for themselves up there, throwing up ramparts of their own
and dropping ropes and ladders for thousands more to clamber over
after them. That was how Raymun Redbeard had done it, Raymun who had
been King-Beyond-the-Wall in the days of his grandfather’s
grandfather. Jack Musgood had been the lord commander in those days.
Jolly Jack, he was called before Redbeard came down upon the north;
Sleepy Jack, forever after. Raymun’s host had met a bloody end on
the shores of Long Lake, caught between Lord Willam of Winterfell
and the Drunken Giant, Harmond Umber. Red-beard had been slain by
Artos the Implacable, Lord Willam’s younger brother. The Watch
arrived too late to fight the wildlings, but in time to bury them,
the task that Artos Stark assigned them in his wroth as he grieved
above the headless corpse of his fallen brother.
(Jon II, ADwD)
The wildling dead on the shores have not been burned, contrary to their
traditions. I wonder about the consequences.
As Rattleshirt, Mance said a few things that deserve some attention.
First, in a counsel held by Stannis.
Jon was aghast. “Your Grace, this man cannot be trusted.
If I keep him here, someone will slit his throat for him. If I send
him ranging, he’ll just go back over to the wildlings.”
“Not me. I’m done with those bloody fools.” Rattleshirt
tapped the ruby on his wrist. “Ask your red witch, bastard.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
And a moment later.
“I’ll range for you, bastard,” Rattleshirt
declared. “I’ll give you sage counsel or sing you pretty songs, as
you prefer. I’ll even fight for you. Just don’t ask me to wear your
cloak.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
I hear those words as spoken sincerely by Mance – the
"pretty songs" part is telling. Then the "I'm done with those bloody
fools" needs to be thought about. Has Mance abandoned the cause of the
Free Folk? I'll be content with understanding that he has given up the
kingship-beyond-the-Wall. The significance of the knee bent to Stannis
is not clear. In any case, Mance seems to respect the Night's Watch role
of fighting the Others, and is even willing to contribute.
To Melisandre, not pretending to be Rattleshirt, he says:
The wildling began to scrape the dirt out from beneath
his nails with the point of his dagger. “I’ve sung my songs, fought
my battles, drunk summer wine, tasted the Dornishman’s wife. A man
should die the way he’s lived. For me that’s steel in hand.”
(Melisandre, ADwD)
But Melisandre understands that Mance still cares about the Free Folk.
“Cutting out the eyes, that’s the Weeper’s work. The
best crow’s a blind crow, he likes to say. Sometimes I think he’d
like to cut out his own eyes, the way they’re always watering and
itching. Snow’s been assuming the free folk would turn to Tormund to
lead them, because that’s what he would do. He liked Tormund, and
the old fraud liked him too. If it’s the Weeper, though ... that’s
not good. Not for him, and not for us.”
Melisandre nodded solemnly, as if she had taken his words to heart,
but this Weeper did not matter. None of his free folk mattered. They
were a lost people, a doomed people, destined to vanish from the
earth, as the children of the forest had vanished. Those were not
words he would wish to hear, though, and she could not risk losing
him, not now.
(Melisandre, ADwD)
More interestingly, even Mance seems interested in finding Tormund. Posing
as Rattleshirt, Mance tells Jon Snow.
“I could visit you as easily, my lord. Those guards at
your door are a bad jape. A man who has climbed the Wall half a
hundred times can climb in a window easy enough. But what good would
come of killing you? The crows would only choose someone worse.” He
chewed, swallowed. “I heard about your rangers. You should have sent
me with them.”
(Melisandre, ADwD)
Mance was very willing to go ranging beyond the Wall. Apparently he
intended to find Tormund. A mission that would later be given to Val.
One wonders whether Mance could communicate with Val in Castle Black.
There are two hints that it might have happened. Recall that Val was
confined to the King's Tower. But Mance said that he could climb a
window easily enough. Furthermore, before she left the Wall, Val said
something about Melisandre.
“His milk name. I had to call him something. See that he stays safe
and warm. For his mother’s sake, and mine. And keep him away from the
red woman. She knows who he is. She sees things in her fires.”
Arya, he thought, hoping it was so. “Ashes and cinders.”
“Kings and dragons.”
Dragons again. For a moment Jon could almost see them too, coiling in
the night, their dark wings outlined against a sea of flame. “If she
knew, she would have taken the boy away from us. Dalla’s boy, not your
monster. A word in the king’s ear would have been the end of it.” And
of me. Stannis would have taken it for treason. “Why let it happen if
she knew?”
“Because it suited her. Fire is a fickle thing. No one knows which way
a flame will go.”
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
Who, but Mance, could have told Val about Melisandre's visions? If Mance
and Val could communicate, then Mance knows that his son is not prisoner
at Castle Black.
But Jon finally sends Val to look for Tormund. If Val and Mance could
communicate before Mance left, then whatever Mance had in mind could
have been accomplished by Val.
As "Rattleshirt", Mance has witnessed a very interesting scene, just
after he had given Jon Snow a lesson in sword fight.
He turned to find Clydas standing beneath the broken
archway, a parchment in his hand. “From Stannis?” Jon had been
hoping for some word from the king.
[…]
“Is it Deepwood?”
Jon saw no reason not to tell him. “Moat Cailin is taken. The flayed
corpses of the ironmen have been nailed to posts along the
kingsroad. Roose Bolton summons all leal lords to Barrowton, to
affirm their loyalty to the Iron Throne and celebrate his son’s
wedding to ...” His heart seemed to stop for a moment. No, that is
not possible. She died in King’s Landing, with Father.
“Lord Snow?” Clydas peered at him closely with his dim pink eyes.
“Are you ... unwell? You seem ...”
“He’s to marry Arya Stark. My little sister.” Jon could almost see
her in that moment, long-faced and gawky, all knobby knees and sharp
elbows, with her dirty face and tangled hair. They would wash the
one and comb the other, he did not doubt, but he could not imagine
Arya in a wedding gown, nor Ramsay Bolton’s bed. No matter how
afraid she is, she will not show it. If he tries to lay a hand on
her, she’ll fight him.
“Your sister,” Iron Emmett said, “how old is ...”
By now she’d be eleven, Jon thought. Still a child. “I have no
sister. Only brothers. Only you.” Lady Catelyn would have rejoiced
to hear those words, he knew. That did not make them easier to say.
His fingers closed around the parchment. Would that they could crush
Ramsay Bolton’s throat as easily.
Clydas cleared his throat. “Will there be an answer?”
Jon shook his head and walked away.
By nightfall the bruises that Rattleshirt had given him had turned
purple. “They’ll go yellow before they fade away,” he told Mormont’s
raven. “I’ll look as sallow as the Lord of Bones.”
(Jon VI, ADwD)
Mance could not have missed the effect on Jon Snow the letter has
produced.
After that moment, he knows how distressed is Jon Snow at the idea that
Arya would wed Ramsay. I would even guess he is the one that suggested
to Melisandre the rescue mission. Indeed the following night, after
Melisandre has made the daily fire ritual at dusk, Jon meets her and she
uses Arya to try to gain Jon to her cause for the first time.
“The heart is all that matters. Do not despair,
Lord Snow. Despair is a weapon of the enemy, whose name may not be
spoken. Your sister is not lost to you.”
“I have no sister.” The words were knives. What do you know of my
heart, priestess? What do you know of my sister?
Melisandre seemed amused. “What is her name, this little sister that
you do not have?”
“Arya.” His voice was hoarse. “My half-sister, truly ...”
“... for you are bastard born. I had not forgotten. I have seen your
sister in my fires, fleeing from this marriage they have made for
her. Coming here, to you. A girl in grey on a dying horse, I have
seen it plain as day. It has not happened yet, but it will.” She
gazed at Ghost. “May I touch your ... wolf?”
(Jon VI, ADwD)
It's time to turn to Melisandre.
13. The tale of Red and Black
Let's return now to the story of the wise woman who
healed Mance. The silk she used was found by her grandmother in a wreck
from Asshai. How could those poor wildlings know the cog came from
Asshai? The place is unknown beyond the Wall. It might be known on the
Wall by certain maester and highborn brothers that a sort of red silk
comes from Asshai. Since Mance spent practically no time on the Wall
after his return, it is unlikely anybody told him. And Maester Mullin,
at the Shadow tower, is said to be more warrior than scholar. It would
be tempting to guess several things: the cog was a slaver's ship, indeed
the region has practically nothing to offer for trade and a cog is a
large ship, suitable to transport a large number of people. And, it
appears unlikely to me that a cog from Asshai would come to this coast
of Westeros, and be wrecked on the Frozen Shore. I don't think we ever
saw a ship from Asshai in Oldtown or in King's Landing. Perhaps, some
people aboard survived and the grandmother of the wise woman was from
Asshai. It's likely that we will not know.
It is tempting to believe that the silk had a power over Mance. Indeed
the notion of getting rid of the cloak was insufferable for him and
enticed him to desert the Watch. Even after leaving the Watch, Mance
always kept the cloak on him.
Much later, Mance had another encounter with red silk from Asshai. Here
is the description of Melisandre:
As ever, she wore red head to heel, a long loose gown of
flowing silk as bright as fire, with dagged sleeves and deep slashes
in the bodice that showed glimpses of a darker bloodred fabric
beneath. Around her throat was a red gold choker tighter than any
maester’s chain, ornamented with a single great ruby.
(Prologue, ACoK)
It's not said explicitly that the silk is from
Asshai. But Melisandre surely is. It's never said explicitly that her
robes are magical. But it's clear that the ruby at her throat is. We
never know why Melisandre decided to spare Mance of Stannis' pyre.
Melisandre herself does not seem to know. Indeed she asks herself:
Was I wrong to spare this one?
(Melisandre, ADwD)
But the intervention of Melisandre came with a price.
Rattleshirt sat scratching at the manacle on his wrist
with a cracked yellow fingernail. Brown stubble covered his sunken
cheeks and receding chin, and strands of dirty hair hung across his
eyes. “Here he comes,” he said when he saw Jon, “the brave boy who
slew Mance Rayder when he was caged and bound.” The big square-cut
gem that adorned his iron cuff glimmered redly. “Do you like my
ruby, Snow? A token o’ love from Lady Red.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
And later Stannis offers "Rattleshirt" to Jon Snow.
“As you wish. I have a gift for you, Lord Snow.” The
king waved a hand at Rattleshirt. “Him.”
Lady Melisandre smiled. “You did say you wanted men, Lord Snow. I
believe our Lord of Bones still qualifies.”
Jon was aghast. “Your Grace, this man cannot be trusted. If I keep
him here, someone will slit his throat for him. If I send him
ranging, he’ll just go back over to the wildlings.”
“Not me. I’m done with those bloody fools.” Rattleshirt tapped the
ruby on his wrist. “Ask your red witch, bastard.”
Melisandre spoke softly in a strange tongue. The ruby at her throat
throbbed slowly, and Jon saw that the smaller stone on Rattleshirt’s
wrist was brightening and darkening as well. “So long as he wears
the gem he is bound to me, blood and soul,” the red priestess said.
“This man will serve you faithfully. The flames do not lie, Lord
Snow.”
Perhaps not, Jon thought, but you do.
“I’ll range for you, bastard,” Rattleshirt declared. “I’ll give you
sage counsel or sing you pretty songs, as you prefer. I’ll even
fight for you. Just don’t ask me to wear your cloak.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
Note how Mance claims to be disinterested in the Free Folk. Melisandre
seems to think Mance is now her slave. We learn more later in the
conversation between Mance and Melisandre.
“The glamor, aye.” In the black iron fetter about his
wrist, the ruby seemed to pulse. He tapped it with the edge of his
blade. The steel made a faint click against the stone. “I feel it
when I sleep. Warm against my skin, even through the iron. Soft as a
woman’s kiss. Your kiss. But sometimes in my dreams it starts to
burn, and your lips turn into teeth. Every day I think how easy it
would be to pry it out, and every day I don’t. Must I wear the
bloody bones as well?”
“The spell is made of shadow and suggestion. Men see what they
expect to see. The bones are part of that.” Was I wrong to spare
this one? “If the glamor fails, they will kill you.”
(Melisandre, ADwD)
Mance's attachment to the ruby seems similar to his
former attachment to the cloak: he wouldn't separate himself from from
the gemstone for any reason, and he can't rationalize his attachment.
The ruby does not come alone on Mance's wrist, since In the black
iron fetter about his wrist, the ruby seemed to pulse.
We see again the association of the
colors black and red, as if the manacle had replaced the red and black
cloak that was Mance's hallmark in his prior life. As I write, I think
that, in a maester's chain, black iron is the metal associated to
ravencraft.
While I am mentioning not necessarily significant factoids: red and
black are the colors of House Qorgyle in Dorne, as Podrick Payne
recognizes when the Dornish banners approach King's Landing.
“They’re scorpions, ser. House Qorgyle of
Sandstone, three scorpions black on red.”
(Tyrion V, ASoS)
So the colors are those of one of the influential characters of Mance
early life.
It remains to see whether Melisandre's
control over Mance is as strong as she believes. In any case, it is
tempting to see her influence on Mance as simply the continuation of the
influence of the wildling wisewoman who sew the cloak.
When Mance is falsely burned at the Wall. Jon Snow has a thought for the
cloak.
They could have let him keep his cloak, Jon Snow thought,
the one the wildling woman patched with strips of crimson silk.
(Jon III, ADwD)
Melisandre has kept the silk for another purpose, it seems. Here is the
Thenn's cloak for the marriage with Alys Karstark.
Like so much else, heraldry ended at the Wall. The Thenns
had no family arms as was customary amongst the nobles of the Seven
Kingdoms, so Jon told the stewards to improvise. He thought they had
done well. The bride’s cloak Sigorn fastened about Lady Alys’s
shoulders showed a bronze disk on a field of white wool, surrounded by
flames made with wisps of crimson silk. The echo of the Karstark
sunburst was there for those who cared to look, but differenced to
make the arms appropriate for House Thenn.
(Jon X, ADwD)
If the silk on Mance's cloak was magical, then the same magic is operating
on the Magnar of Thenn. Some magic from Asshai, I suppose.
The combination of silk and gemstone
(always of assorted colors) happens from time to time in the Seven
Kingdoms and beyond. Notably, there is the passage where Young Griff
passes as Aegon and attempts to gain the Golden Company to his cause.
His brilliant success had been prepared as follows.
When the lad emerged from the cabin with Lemore by his
side, Griff looked him over carefully from head to heel. The prince
wore sword and dagger, black boots polished to a high sheen, a black
cloak lined with blood-red silk. With his hair washed and cut and
freshly dyed a deep, dark blue, his eyes looked blue as well. At his
throat he wore three huge square-cut rubies on a chain of black
iron, a gift from Magister Illyrio. Red and black. Dragon colors.
(The Lost Lord, ADwD)
Note again the black iron which goes along the ruby.
When Rhaegar fought the tourney at Harrenhal, he is remembered as follows
by Ned Stark.
The crown prince wore the armor he would die in:
gleaming black plate with the three-headed dragon of his House
wrought in rubies on the breast. A plume of scarlet silk streamed
behind him when he rode, and it seemed no lance could touch him.
(Eddard XIV, AGoT)
Again rubies supported by black metal (it is not said
if it's black iron), and we have the familiar red silk as well.
The resemblance between Mance's cloak and Aegon's cloak stands out. The
latter might have been a standard garment for a Targaryen. Note also the
gemstone, a gift from Illyrio, who might play the same role with respect
to Young Griff that Melisandre played with respect to Mance. Indeed,
Illyrio wears many gemstones on his fingers, including a ruby. It seems
Septa Lemore prepared the black cloak lined with red silk, playing for
Aegon the role that the daughter of the wisewoman had played for Mance.
(And, for what it is worth, Septa Lemore is often dressed all in white,
as befits a Septa, and like Dalla used to do.)
Mance never wore the ruby and the silk at the same time. We do not know
what became of his cloak. Mance doesn't seem to be wearing the ruby in
any visible way in Winterfell. (The glamor seems to depend on the
gemstone to be visible.)
I would tend to think that Melisandre herself is a pawn, and that her
own ruby and her own silk that give her power are in turn means by which
she can be controlled. She does not realize the irony of her assurance
to Jon Snow “So long as he wears the gem he is bound to me, blood
and soul,”.
That would explain why she isn't certain of why she saved Mance. The
decision came from whoever there is above.
Finally, Melisandre, Val and Dalla seem to understand each other more
than they should. Indeed, Val accepted to play her part in Melisandre's
ceremony at the Wall. When Jon Snow repeats the Horned Lord's
pronouncement on sorcery that he heard from Dalla.
“Dalla told me something once. Val’s sister, Mance
Rayder’s wife. She said that sorcery was a sword without a hilt.
There is no safe way to grasp it.”
“A wise woman.” Melisandre rose, her red robes stirring in the wind.
(Jon VI, ADwD)
When she leaves the Wall, Val talks about Craster's
son with Jon Snow.
“His milk name. I had to call him something. See that he
stays safe and warm. For his mother’s sake, and mine. And keep him
away from the red woman. She knows who he is. She sees things in her
fires.”
Arya, he thought, hoping it was so. “Ashes and cinders.”
“Kings and dragons.”
Dragons again. For a moment Jon could almost see them too, coiling
in the night, their dark wings outlined against a sea of flame. “If
she knew, she would have taken the boy away from us. Dalla’s boy,
not your monster. A word in the king’s ear would have been the end
of it.” And of me. Stannis would have taken it for treason. “Why let
it happen if she knew?”
“Because it suited her. Fire is a fickle thing. No one knows which
way a flame will go.” Val put a foot into a stirrup, swung her leg
over her horse’s back, and looked down from the saddle. “Do you
remember what my sister told you?”
“Yes.” A sword without a hilt, with no safe way to hold it.
(Jon VIII, ADwD)
I suspect that Melisandre is behind Stannis' interest
in Val. (Val appeared practically as Stannis' queen during Melisandre's
ceremony.) There is at most defiance, but never hostility between the
red woman and the white sisters. They seem to agree that the Others are
the true enemy. This mutual tolerance reminds me of the two great
temples of Braavos.
“Sealords,” said Yorko. “The Isle of the Gods is farther
on. See? Six bridges down, on the right bank. That is the Temple of
the Moonsingers.”
It was one of those that Arya had spied from the lagoon, a mighty
mass of snow-white marble topped by a huge silvered dome whose milk
glass windows showed all the phases of the moon. A pair of marble
maidens flanked its gates, tall as the Sealords, supporting a
crescent- shaped lintel.
Beyond it stood another temple, a red stone edifice as stern as any
fortress. Atop its great square tower a fire blazed in an iron
brazier twenty feet across, whilst smaller fires flanked its brazen
doors. “The red priests love their fires,” Yorko told her. “The Lord
of Light is their god, red R’hllor.”
(Arya I, AFfC)
14. Bael the Bard
Here is the story told by Ygritte.
“Bael the Bard made it,” said Ygritte. “He was
King-beyond-the-Wall a long time back. All the free folk know his
songs, but might be you don’t sing them in the south.”
“Winterfell’s not in the south,” Jon objected.
“Yes it is. Everything below the Wall’s south to us.”
He had never thought of it that way. “I suppose it’s all in where
you’re standing.”
“Aye,” Ygritte agreed. “It always is.”
“Tell me,” Jon urged her. It would be hours before Qhorin came up,
and a story would help keep him awake. “I want to hear this tale of
yours.”
“Might be you won’t like it much.”
“I’ll hear it all the same.”
“Brave black crow,” she mocked. “Well, long before he was king over
the free folk, Bael was a great raider.”
Stonesnake gave a snort. “A murderer, robber, and raper, is what you
mean.”
“That’s all in where you’re standing too,” Ygritte said. “The Stark
in Winterfell wanted Bael’s head, but never could take him, and the
taste o’ failure galled him. One day in his bitterness he called
Bael a craven who preyed only on the weak. When word o’ that got
back, Bael vowed to teach the lord a lesson. So he scaled the Wall,
skipped down the kingsroad, and walked into Winterfell one winter’s
night with harp in hand, naming himself Sygerrik of Skagos. Sygerrik
means ‘deceiver’ in the Old Tongue, that the First Men spoke, and
the giants still speak.”
“North or south, singers always find a ready welcome, so Bael ate at
Lord Stark’s own table, and played for the lord in his high seat
until half the night was gone. The old songs he played, and new ones
he’d made himself, and he played and sang so well that when he was
done, the lord offered to let him name his own reward. ‘All I ask is
a flower,’ Bael answered, ‘the fairest flower that blooms in the
gardens o’ Winterfell.’”
“Now as it happened the winter roses had only then come into bloom,
and no flower is so rare nor precious. So the Stark sent to his
glass gardens and commanded that the most beautiful o’ the winter
roses be plucked for the singer’s payment. And so it was done. But
when morning come, the singer had vanished . . . and so had Lord
Brandon’s maiden daughter. Her bed they found empty, but for the
pale blue rose that Bael had left on the pillow where her head had
lain.”
Jon had never heard this tale before. “Which Brandon was this
supposed to be? Brandon the Builder lived in the Age of Heroes,
thousands of years before Bael. There was Brandon the Burner and his
father Brandon the Shipwright, but—”
“This was Brandon the Daughterless,” Ygritte said sharply. “Would
you hear the tale, or no?”
He scowled. “Go on.”
“Lord Brandon had no other children. At his behest, the black crows
flew forth from their castles in the hundreds, but nowhere could
they find any sign o’ Bael or this maid. For most a year they
searched, till the lord lost heart and took to his bed, and it
seemed as though the line o’ Starks was at its end. But one night as
he lay waiting to die, Lord Brandon heard a child’s cry. He followed
the sound and found his daughter back in her bedchamber, asleep with
a babe at her breast.”
“Bael had brought her back?”
“No. They had been in Winterfell all the time, hiding with the dead
beneath the castle. The maid loved Bael so dearly she bore him a
son, the song says . . . though if truth be told, all the maids love
Bael in them songs he wrote. Be that as it may, what’s certain is
that Bael left the child in payment for the rose he’d plucked
unasked, and that the boy grew to be the next Lord Stark. So there
it is—you have Bael’s blood in you, same as me.”
“It never happened,” Jon said.
She shrugged. “Might be it did, might be it didn’t. It is a good
song, though. My mother used to sing it to me. She was a woman too,
Jon Snow. Like yours.” She rubbed her throat where his dirk had cut
her. “The song ends when they find the babe, but there is a darker
end to the story. Thirty years later, when Bael was
King-beyond-the-Wall and led the free folk south, it was young Lord
Stark who met him at the Frozen Ford . . . and killed him, for Bael
would not harm his own son when they met sword to sword.”
“So the son slew the father instead,” said Jon.
“Aye,” she said, “but the gods hate kinslayers, even when they kill
unknowing. When Lord Stark returned from the battle and his mother
saw Bael’s head upon his spear, she threw herself from a tower in
her grief. Her son did not long outlive her. One o’ his lords peeled
the skin off him and wore him for a cloak.”
“Your Bael was a liar,” he told her, certain now.
“No,” Ygritte said, “but a bard’s truth is different than yours or
mine. Anyway, you asked for the story, so I told it.”
(Jon VI, ACoK)
Again the matrilineal culture transmission, with Ygritte's mother.
Nothing is more glorious, for a wildling raider, than
stealing the daughter of the Stark in Winterfell, I suppose. It's no
wonder that the story appeals to the wildlings. And at a certain level,
the tale can be reduced to a raider story. The fame and status that Bael
earned by his exploits were surely useful to become
King-Beyond-the-Wall.
We never hear Mance play the song. We learnt the story from Ygritte, and
we are told by the Halfhand that:
“She even claimed we were kin. She told me a story . .
.”
“. . . of Bael the Bard and the rose of Winterfell. So Stonesnake
told me. It happens I know the song. Mance would sing it of old,
when he came back from a ranging. He had a passion for wildling
music. Aye, and for their women as well.”
(Jon VII, ACoK)
Rangings inspired Mance to sing the story of Bael.
Mance acknowledges the importance of the song for him, after he told Jon
about the clandestine visit to Winterfell.
“Bael the Bard,” said Jon, remembering the tale that
Ygritte had told him in the Frostfangs, the night he’d almost killed
her.
“Would that I were. I will not deny that Bael’s exploit inspired
mine own... but I did not steal either of your sisters that I
recall. Bael wrote his own songs, and lived them. I only sing the
songs that better men have made. More mead?”
(Jon I, ASoS)
The story does not appear to be well known south of
the Wall, since Jon Snow heard it first from Ygritte. (And Jon knows
the more exotic Dornishman's wife.) However, Jon Snow is aware of Bael
as a historical King-beyond-the-Wall.
“Wildlings have invaded the realm before.” Jon had heard
the tales from Old Nan and Maester Luwin both, back at Winterfell.
“Raymun Redbeard led them south in the time of my grandfather’s
grandfather, and before him there was a king named Bael the Bard.”
(Jon, ACoK)
So the story was probably never told in Winterfell.
Was it inappropriate for some reason? Does it contain a truth which
makes the Starks uncomfortable? We'll return to this question.
Let's try to make sense of the story from a historical point of view.
The Stark in Winterfell is Lord Brandon Stark. All Stark lords lived
after Aegon's Conquest, three hundred years ago. Hence the story is not
very old. Only one lord Stark seemed to have been called Brandon
recently, according to the succession of tombs in the crypts.
When the shadows moved, it looked for an instant as if
the dead were rising as well. Lyanna and Brandon, Lord Rickard Stark
their father, Lord Edwyle his father, Lord Willam and his brother
Artos the Implacable, Lord Donnor and Lord Beron and Lord Rodwell,
one-eyed Lord Jonnel, Lord Barth and Lord Brandon and Lord Cregan
who had fought the Dragonknight. On their stone chairs they sat with
stone wolves at their feet. This was where they came when the warmth
had seeped out of their bodies; this was the dark hall of the dead,
where the living feared to tread.
(Bran VII, ACoK)
I understand the punctuation to mean that commas
separate generations and the conjunction "and" separates siblings. So
the latest lord Brandon was the middle brother between Barth and Cregan
(who fought the Dragonknight, who in turn died before his brother Aegon
the Unworthy passed away, 184 years after Aegon's Landing). Since that
lord Brandon had brothers, it does not fit the role of the heirless
Stark. So we have to find an earlier Brandon Stark.
The lord who flayed Bael's son is almost certainly a Bolton. But we have
been told that the Boltons stopped skinning their enemies a thousand
years ago.
The flayed man was the sigil of House Bolton, Theon
knew; ages past, certain of their lords had gone so far as to cloak
themselves in the skins of dead enemies. A number of Starks had
ended thus. Supposedly all that had stopped a thousand years ago,
when the Boltons had bent their knees to Winterfell. Or so they say,
but old ways die hard, as well I know.
(Theon IV, ACoK)
We have not heard of a Bolton rebellion since the
Conquest. In the north, many animals (bears, wolves, foxes) can be
skinned for fur. The idea of wearing as a cloak the skin of human beings
is particular to the Boltons, it seems. We see Ramsay suggest to make
boots out of Lady Dustin's skin.
Ramsay’s face darkened. “If I cut off her teats and feed
them to my girls, will she abide me then? Will she abide me if I
strip off her skin to make myself a pair of boots?”
(Reek III, ADwD)
Roose replies:
Only Lady Barbrey, whom you would turn into a pair of
boots ... inferior boots. Human skin is not as tough as cowhide and
will not wear as well.
(Reek III, ADwD)
It might be that the skin of Bael's son is still at the Dreadfort,
provided it has been tanned properly.
Lord Roose never says a word, he only looks at
me, and all I can think of is that room they have in the Dreadfort,
where the Boltons hang the skins of their enemies.
(Bran VI, AGoT)
One wonder what is the significance for the Bolton of
flaying and wearing human skin. In the story, the flaying by the Bolton
lord is presented as a retribution for kinslaying. Sometimes, I think
the Bolton have to play the role of watchmen and, if necessary,
punishers of the Starks, as they have done for thousands of years.
We will return to Bael and the crypts.
Ygritte put a qualifier in The maid loved Bael so dearly she bore
him a son, the song says… It seems there is a doubt concerning
the paternity. Indeed, it is not realistic that Bael and the Stark
heiress have spent a year in the crypts, unless something extraordinary
down there sustained them.
Ygritte is well aware of the allegorical value of the
song.
Ygritte, I never stole you.”
“Aye, you did. You jumped down the mountain and killed Orell, and
afore I could get my axe you had a knife at my throat. I thought
you’d have me then, or kill me, or maybe both, but you never did.
And when I told you the tale o’ Bael the Bard and how he plucked the
rose o’ Winterfell, I thought you’d know to pluck me then for
certain, but you didn’t. You know nothing, Jon Snow.” She gave him a
shy smile. “You might be learning some, though.”
(Jon III, ASoS)
Perhaps Jon should consider more carefully the song,
as we will see.
15. Jon Snow's secret
It's easy to find a deep similarity between
Bael's story with the Stark daughter and the story of Rhaegar and
Lyanna: as a harpist and singer, Rhaegar seduced the daughter
of the Stark in Winterfell, and later eloped with her. A year later, a
baby appears. The blue roses feature preeminently in both stories, in
different ways though. It would be easy to make a long list of
differences, but at the core the stories are similar, and feature
several salient details in common.
I would disappointed by Mance if he did not catch the resemblance, if he
knows about Rhaegar as much as we do. He says he was in
the Watch when Jon was in his mother's womb.
...but I was a crow when you were no bigger than the
babe in Dalla’s belly, Jon Snow.
(Jon I, ASoS)
Given what we already noted: the resemblance between
Dalla's brooch weirwood sigil and the weirwood face painted on the
shield of the Knight of Laughing Tree (possibly Lyanna, possibly Jon
Snow's mother). The comparison between Jon Snow and Dalla's son is
telling. It's as if Mance were saying: I am not your father, despite all
appearances.
A few years later, Mance came to Winterfell, and must have heard the
story from people there, especially since Mance his interested in the
Stark children (he memorized Jon's face).
I come to believe that Mance has the same suspicions than we have: Jon
Snow is born from Rhaegar and Lyanna. Being a singer himself, Mance has
an ear for stories and might be able to understand Rhaegar better than
most. Ygritte concludes her story by:
“No,” Ygritte said, “but a bard’s truth is different
than yours or mine.”
(Jon VI, ACoK)
Whether Rhaegar knew Bael's story is an open question, though. (It's
tempting to consider for a second that Mance is Rhaegar. But, no, it's
impossible. They could be of the same age, though, and they happened to
have been adorned with rubies, black iron and red silk, as we saw
above.) And Bael the Bard seems to be Mance's model. Given all
that, if Mance is as cunning as he is reputed to be among the Free Folk,
he must have asked himself the question of Jon's parentage.
There are no good hints that Mance has the suspicion, besides perhaps
the story of his first meeting with Jon.
“Very good! Yes, that was the first time. You were just
a boy, and I was all in black, one of a dozen riding escort to old
Lord Commander Qorgyle when he came down to see your father at
Winterfell. I was walking the wall around the yard when I came on
you and your brother Robb. It had snowed the night before, and the
two of you had built a great mountain above the gate and were
waiting for someone likely to pass underneath.”
“I remember,” said Jon with a startled laugh. A young black brother
on the wallwalk, yes... “You swore not to tell.”
“And kept my vow. That one, at least.”
(Jon I, ASoS)
So Mance wouldn't reveal Jon's secrets… somehow.
It's interesting that the queer idea of mentioning Jon's time in the
womb crossed Mance's mind. Another indication could be the remarkable
benevolence that Mance has for Jon Snow. Stig, Harma, the Lord of Bones
all exhorted Mance to execute Jon as a traitor. But Mance would always
appear to find much value in Jon and to trust him beyond all prudence.
Of course, Mance's interest could be justified by Jon's Stark parentage
alone, and there is no need to bring a Targaryen father.
There is only one doubt in my mind. Mance might not have heard about the
crown of blue roses received by Lyanna from Rhaegar as mark of her title
of queen of love and beauty. Eddard Stark recalls the event.
Ned remembered the moment when all the smiles
died, when Prince Rhaegar Targaryen urged his horse past his own
wife, the Dornish princess Elia Martell, to lay the queen of
beauty’s laurel in Lyanna’s lap. He could see it still: a crown of
winter roses, blue as frost.
(Eddard XIV, AGoT)
Who knows what Mance came to understand
when he went into the crypts and saw the statue of Lyanna.
(In all frankness, I had the theory that Mance would see the winter
roses on Lyanna's statue in the crypts and notice the coincidence with
the Bael the Bard, and understand the parentage of Jon Snow... until I
realized there are no roses on Lyanna's statue.)
It's worthwile to recapitulate the resemblances between the
King-beyond-the-Wall and the Prince of Dragonstone.
- They are characterized in part by
their passion about music,
- and by their interest in arcane lore.
- Both established themselves as
champions and defeated all their rivals on the field, establishing
thus their supremacy through their fighting skills.
- Both wore red silk, a ruby, and black
iron (at different times though).
- Both got smitten by a lady harboring
the weirwood face as a heraldic sign (if we believe the mystery
knight of Harrenhal is Lyanna Stark).
- Both ladies died giving birth to a
son (according to standard conjectures), who has been hidden under a
false identity.
16. The grey Girl on a dying Horse
I see several questions with respect to the mission
to rescue "Arya". Where does Mance's allegiance lie? What compelled
Mance to save "Arya"? What was the plan conceived at the Wall? Does
Mance recognize Arya as an imposter on sight?
First, Mance obedience to Melisandre can be explained by the situation
of his son as hostage. However, Val seems to know that Mance is alive
and certainly knows that his son is no more at Castle Black. So it is
entirely possible that Mance knows as well. At no point does Mance issue
any threat like Tormund does.
When nine-and-ninety hostages had shuffled by them to
pass beneath the Wall, Tormund Giantsbane produced the last one. “My
son Dryn. You’ll see he’s well taken care of, crow, or I’ll cook
your black liver up and eat it.”
(Jon XII, ADwD)
If it is not for his son, the obedience might be due
to Melisandre's magic, through the ruby. However, Mance does not seem to
wear the ruby in Winterfell. What did the ruby become?
The is another reason for Mance to remain in Melisandre's orbit: the red
sorceress offers him a cover identity. If Mance were to flee, he would
just be an outlaw in the north with little perspective. Saving the Stark
girl might bring a rehabilitation (some royal pardon would be necessary,
I guess).
Obviously, Mance's spearwives are followers of the old gods. Melisandre
is an implacable enemy of the religion of the north. Indeed she burned
the weirwood at Storm's End, she made the wildlings at the wall burn
weirwood branches before admitting them south of the Wall.
Hence, Mance's allegiance can not be both to the old gods and to
Melisandre. Since the godswood is part of the power play in Winterfell,
and since Melisandre would presumably burn the heart tree, Mance's real
goal in the mission has to be determined.
I would guess, but there is little textual evidence for this, that Mance
is not as devoted to Melisandre as she believes. Indeed, Mance's
associates, the Spearwives, and, as we will see, Crowfood are staunch
followers of the old gods, and would not suffer having a heart tree
sacrificed in a pyre.
I suppose that Mance has his own, very personal, motivations to go to
Winterfell. However, the mission has, in principle nothing to do with
Winterfell, since the wedding was supposed to happen in Barrowton.
"Arya" was expected to ride alone around Long Lake.
It is not clear what the original plan was. Melisandre mentioned Long
Lake. Note that the eastern part of Long Lake is in Umber Land.
Moreover, Mance asked for six spearwives.
“I will need horses. Half a dozen good ones. And this is
nothing I can do alone. Some of the spearwives penned up at Mole’s
Town should serve. Women would be best for this. The girl’s more
like to trust them, and they will help me carry off a certain ploy I
have in mind.”
(Melisandre, ADwD)
Probably Mance had in mind a kidnapping from the start. Much later Theon
would recall his conversation with Mance the night before the escape:
The singer seemed intent on making off with the daughter
of Eddard Stark.
(Theon, ADwD)
So Mance hoped to emulate Bael, in particular to
escape the castle with Theon and "Arya".
How is it that Mance came to Winterfell?
How has Mance been warned that the wedding would be moved there? The
news was probably gone the Bolton-Karstark-Stannis-Wall route. Crowfood
has been informed at some point (perhaps by the Karstarks, perhaps by
Whoresbane, perhaps by Stannis). No one at the Wall knew that the
wedding was moved until Jon received a letter from Stannis. Mance had
left the Wall long ago by then. Melisandre seemed powerless to see
anything.
If Mance expected "Arya" at Long Lake, he probably ventured first in
Umber territory. What he did there is a mystery. He might have gone to
see Mors at the Last Hearth, and have been informed of the wedding in
Winterfell. That seems to me the most likely possibility, with the
obvious problem that Mors Umber considers Mance to be his archenemy. The
other possibility is that Mance got word through the mountain clans, but
I hardly see how their message would have reached him.
The most reasonable assumption is perhaps to go back to a conversation
between Stannis and Jon that Mance witnessed as Ratttleshirt.
Where to begin? Jon moved to the map. Candles had been
placed at its corners to keep the hide from rolling up. A finger of
warm wax was puddling out across the Bay of Seals, slow as a
glacier. “To reach the Dreadfort, Your Grace must travel down the
kingsroad past the Last River, turn south by east and cross the
Lonely Hills.” He pointed. “Those are Umber lands, where they know
every tree and every rock. The kingsroad runs along their western
marches for a hundred leagues. Mors will cut your host to pieces
unless you meet his terms and win him to your cause.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
If Mance has kept in mind Jon's advice to Stannis, he knows that the
Umber watch closely their lands, especially during these troubled times.
In spite of the vastness of the territory ruled from the Last Hearth,
the grey girl on the dying earth would have good chance to arrive in
Mors Umber's hands. I suppose Mance made this calculation and managed to
approach Mors Umber. It's unlikely that he intended to steal Arya. In
any case, Mance could have a certain leverage on the Umbers,
particularly Mors, since Jon told Stannis during the same conversation.
“The elder of the Greatjon’s uncles. Crowfood, they call
him. A crow once took him for dead and pecked out his eye. He caught
the bird in his fist and bit its head off. When Mors was young he
was a fearsome fighter. His sons died on the Trident, his wife in
childbed. His only daughter was carried off by wildlings thirty
years ago.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
If Mors' daughter ended in the Free Folk, it's likely that Mance heard
of her somehow. Perhaps news or a promise of reunion could be delivered
to Mors. That would be heartwarming to a man who seems to have lost all
his children.
However, Mors has proclaimed his hate for Mance. So it would be very
delicate for the King-beyond-the-Wall to declare himself to Crowfood.
“Half of them, and only if I meet this Crowfood’s
price,” said Stannis, in an irritated tone. “He wants Mance Rayder’s
skull for a drinking cup, and he wants a pardon for his brother, who
has ridden south to join Bolton. Whoresbane, he’s called.”
(Jon IV, ADwD)
Concerning Mance's knowledge of Arya Stark, we have several points of
comparison.
First, only Arya and Jon among the Stark children have the specific
Stark look. Arya's face is so characteristic that she is called
"horseface".
Sansa could never understand how two sisters, born only
two years apart, could be so different. It would have been easier if
Arya had been a bastard, like their half brother Jon. She even
looked like Jon, with the long face and brown hair of the Starks,
and nothing of their lady mother in her face or her coloring.
(Sansa I, AGoT)
Both the Halfhand and Craster can recognize the
distinctive Stark features when they first meet Jon Snow. Craster:
“Who’s this one now?” Craster said before Jon could go.
“He has the look of a Stark.”
(Jon III, ACoK)
and The Halfhand:
The ranger gave his horse into the care of one of his
men and followed. “You are Jon Snow. You have your father’s look.”
(Jon V, ACoK)
Of course, Mance has been to Winterfell.
I betook of your lord father’s meat and mead, had a look
at Kingslayer and Imp... and made passing note of Lord Eddard’s
children and the wolf pups that ran at their heels.
(Jon I, ASoS)
And he recognized Jon Snow the next time he saw him.
The singer rose to his feet. “I’m Mance Rayder,” he said
as he put aside the lute. “And you are Ned Stark’s bastard, the Snow
of Winterfell.”
Stunned, Jon stood speechless for a moment, before he recovered
enough to say, “How... how could you know...”
(Jon I, ASoS)
We can also compare to Jaime Lannister when he saw Jeyne Poole as "Arya"
in King's Landing.
She lowered her big brown eyes and mumbled, “I’m Arya
Stark.” Jaime had never paid much attention to Arya Stark, but it
seemed to him that this girl was older.
(Jaime IX, ASoS)
It's true that Jaime spent much more time in Arya's
company than Mance did. But Mance paid attention when he came to
Winterfell, and it is likely he has an eye for the Stark physiognomy.
After all, Arya is known to have disappeared in King's Landing, and was
believed dead. I guess everybody has suspicions at her reappearance.
So it is not possible Mance believes blindly that the bride of
Winterfell is Arya Stark. According to all that precedes, Mance should
have perceived the imposture. But what we read seems to
say otherwise.
But Theon is certain that Mance believes "Arya" to be genuine.
Abel would learn that lesson soon enough. And for what?
Jeyne, her name is Jeyne, and her eyes are the wrong color. A mummer
playing a part. Lord Bolton knows, and Ramsay, but the rest are
blind, even this bloody bard with his sly smiles. The jape is on
you, Abel, you and your murdering whores. You’ll die for the wrong
girl.
He had come this close to telling them the truth when Rowan had
delivered him to Abel in the ruins of the Burned Tower, but at the
last instant he had held his tongue. The singer seemed intent on
making off with the daughter of Eddard Stark. If he knew that Lord
Ramsay’s bride was but a steward’s whelp, well ...
(Theon, ADwD)
It's certain that Mance has not told everything to Theon: not his real
identity, not that it is not Stannis who is blowing horns outside
Winterfell. So it's entirely possible that Mance has not told Theon that
"Arya" is fake. Like everybody else in Winterfell, Mance has the
suspicion that "Arya" could an imposter. It is an axiom of the
Winterfell situation that Theon is the person who can authentify and
certify the identity of the bride. Hence, Mance knows that Theon knows
whether the bride is authentic. Nevertheless Mance doesn't ask Theon,
which means that `Mance has made his opinion. But why did Mance bother
with the wrong girl, then?
If Mance doesn't believe in the authenticity of the bride, he doesn't
seem to have informed the washerwomen. Indeed, Rowan refers to her
respectfully as
Lady Arya.
“Lady Arya.” Rowan moved closer. “You must come with us,
and quickly. We’ve come to take
you to your brother.”
(Theon, ADwD)
Holly is not as respectful.
“Get her up, turncloak.” Holly had her knife in hand.
“Get her up or I will. We have to go. Get the little cunt up on her
feet and shake some courage into her.”
(Theon, ADwD)
It is difficult to reach a conclusion on Mance's knowledge of the
imposture. Since Mance made no effort to determine the truth through
Theon, I tend to conclude that he has his opinion.
Since Mance might know that the baby at the Wall is not his son, he
might not have missed the irony of delivering a fake Stark daughter in
exchange for his fake son.
17. The crypts of Winterfell
Since Mance is compelled to serve Melisandre, he
would have to save "Arya". It remains to explain how Mance would end up
in Winterfell if the Grey girl on a dying horse was expected along the
shores of Long Lake.
The plan to rescue "Arya" is not the only thing in Mance's mind in
Winterfell, it seems.
Here is Holly coming to Theon.
“What do you want?”
“To see these crypts. Where are they, m’lord? Would you show me?”
Holly toyed with a strand of her hair, coiling it around her little
finger. “Deep and dark, they say. A good place for touching. All the
dead kings watching.”
(The Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
This dialogue happens after Theon has been with Lady
Dustin to visit the crypts. It's two days before the escape. So we know
that Mance hasn't been to the crypts until that point. While we are
discussing this visit, it is worthwile to take note that the crypts have
not been opened recently, in particular not while Roose had the castle
repaired.
It took Lady Dustin’s men the better part of half an
hour to uncover the entrance, shoveling through the snow and
shifting rubble. When they did, the door was frozen shut. Her
serjeant had to go find an axe before he could pull it open, hinges
screaming, to reveal stone steps spiraling down into darkness.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
Few people know the location of the crypts in Winterfell: Theon,
Barbrey Dustin, her two sworn men, the Walders, and, probably, Jeyne
Poole. There is no sign that Roose has any interest in them.
Given that Holly asked about the crypts, and Theon
declined to answer, there is all reason for Mance to press on at a later
point. The night before escape, Mance could at last meet Theon in the
Burned Tower and explain his escape plan. Surely Theon would have told
him if he had been asked. We didn't see this conversation. I see two
possibilities: either Mance managed to visit the crypts after Holly came
to Theon, but before the Burned Tower, or Mance insisted that Theon
tells him about the crypts. We are going to examine the former
possibility later. Let's turn to the conversation in the Burned Tower.
We know little about that conversation. Theon recalls his meeting with
Abel.
He had come this close to telling them the truth when
Rowan had delivered him to Abel in the ruins of the Burned Tower,
but at the last instant he had held his tongue.
(Theon, ADwD)
The ruins of the Burned Tower are in the old part of
the castle, contiguous to the First Keep
That brought you up to the blind side of the First Keep,
the oldest part of the castle, a squat round fortress that was
taller than it looked. Only rats and spiders lived there now but the
old stones still made for good climbing. You could go straight up to
where the gargoyles leaned out blindly over empty space, and swing
from gargoyle to gargoyle, hand over hand, around to the north side.
From there, if you really stretched, you could reach out and pull
yourself over to the broken tower where it leaned close.
(Bran II, AGoT)
The Burned Tower of Winterfell is an interesting building.
His favorite haunt was the broken tower. Once it had been
a watchtower, the tallest in Winterfell. A long time ago, a hundred
years before even his father had been born, a lightning strike had set
it afire. The top third of the structure had collapsed inward, and the
tower had never been rebuilt.
(Bran II, AGoT)
I wonder what the tower watched over in the old days. It's probably a
danger that has disappeared by now. From the tower, it might be possible
to see afar. However, settling up there was useless during the snowstorm.
I suppose that, metaphorically, Abel was above the fray.
The entrance of the the crypts are near the First Keep.
The entrance to the crypts was in the oldest section of
the castle, near the foot of the First Keep, which had sat unused
for hundreds of years.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
So it was easy at this point to show Mance the
entrance. However, Theon never recalls having told Mance how to
find the crypts. I understand that GRRM has not let us hear the
conversation of Mance and Theon the obvious storytelling reasons, since
the escape plan had to unfold under our eyes. But it's certain that
Mance could have known where to find the crypts the night before the
escape. If he made Holly ask Theon three days before, why did he not ask
the night before?
Why did Mance want to know about the crypts? We already saw the
connection with Joramun, that what Mance sought in the graves of kings
and heroes, perhaps the Horn Joramun, in any case something that made
Mormont's raven scream, might well be in the crypts of Winterfell.
Then we have Mance's passion for the story of Bael the Bard. In the
story, it's unrealistic that Bael and the Stark daughter could have
hidden underground for a year (and give birth to a baby). The time Osha,
the Reeds, Bran and Rickon spent there is described in realistic terms:
lack of light, of food, lost of sense of time. The story happened in
historical times and does not belong to the "fog of legend". What it
there under Winterfell that allowed Bael to survive one year?
One wonders about the activity of Bael in the crypts and why he was
drawn to the crypt. Is it related to Joramun? If Mance is looking for
something in the crypts of Winterfell, perhaps the horn of Joramun or
some knowledge about the horn, it must be something that he has seen
already.
Winterfell under the Bolton rule is a... dreadful place. Mance and the
spearwives might lose their life at any moment. The escape plan is risky
enough without having to bother with the crypts just to satisfy Mance's
curiosity. So I believe Mance's interest is seriously motivated.
It doesn't seem Mance intended to hide in the crypts after the escape,
as Theon recalls from the conversation with Mance.
The singer seemed intent on making off with the daughter
of Eddard Stark.
(Theon, ADwD)
So I suppose Mance went down there the night before the escape. Let's
return to Little Walder's murder.
For once Roose Bolton’s voice was loud enough to carry.
“Where was the body found?”
“Under that ruined keep, my lord,” replied Big Walder. “The one with
the old gargoyles.”
(Theon, ADwD)
And a moment earlier, Hosteen Frey had declared:
“My brother Merrett’s son.” Hosteen Frey lowered the
body to the floor before the dais. “Butchered like a hog and shoved
beneath a snowbank. A boy.”
(Theon, ADwD)
Let's look again at the crypts' location.
“There.” Theon pointed to where a snowbank had crept up
the wall of the keep. “Under there. Watch for broken stones.”
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
There are naturally many snowbanks in Winterfell
caused by the snow storm, but probably not many along the First Keep,
and possibly only one. So, the coincidence is too remarkable to be
ignored.
I believe that Rowan is sincere when she denied that the washerwomen
having murdered Little Walder. We'll examine Little Walder's murder
elsewhere.
A little detail indicates that Mance might have been busy the night
before the escape.
Rowan walked Theon from the hall. Since she and her
sisters had found him in the godswood, one of them had dogged his
every step, never letting him out of sight. They did not trust
him. Why should they? I was Reek before and might be Reek
again. Reek, Reek, it rhymes with sneak.
(Theon, ADwD)
So only the washerwomen watched Theon, not Mance. Is it because Mance was
busy doing something else?
So the story seems to tell us that Mance has visited
the crypts at some point during the last two days before the escape. But
who guided him there if not Theon?
18. The Washerman
There is no doubt that Mance and Abel are the same
person. A little detail gave me pause. Firstly, the spearwives required
by Mance do not seem to correspond to the washerwomen we see in
Winterfell.
“Young ones, and pretty,” Mance had said. The unburnt
king supplied some names, and Dolorous Edd had done the rest,
smuggling them from Mole’s Town.
(Jon VII, ADwD)
And, here are the washerwomen.
“Two sisters, two daughters, one wife, and my old
mother,” the singer claimed, though not one looked like him. “Some
dance, some sing, one plays the pipe and one the drums. Good
washerwomen too.”
(The Prince in Winterfell, ADwD)
Theon does not find Rowan pretty, and here is his description of the other
ones.
When Squirrel returned, the other four were with her:
gaunt grey-haired Myrtle, Willow Witch-Eye with her long black
braid, Frenya of the thick waist and enormous breasts, Holly with
her knife.
(Theon, ADwD)
Obviously, the washerwomen are not all young and pretty. Here is how Theon
sees them.
Washerwomen. That was the polite way of saying camp
follower, which was the polite way of saying whore.
(The Prince of Winterfell, ADwD)
Indeed, Rowan and Holly approach Theon. When Theon does not reply to
Rowan's advances, she offers.
“Am I not to m’lord’s taste? I could send Myrtle to you
if you want. Or Holly, might be you’d like her better. All the men
like Holly. They’re not my sisters neither, but they’re sweet.”
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
In turn, Holly comes to Theon and suggests to pay a visit to the crypts.
“Deep and dark, they say. A good place for touching. All
the dead kings watching.”
“Did Abel send you to me?”
“Might be. Might be I sent myself. But if it’s Abel you’re wanting,
I could bring him. He’ll sing m’lord a sweet song.”
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
So, it would seem that Mance himself is willing to do
what he asks of his spearwives. (What sort of leader woud he be
otherwise? Didn't he express the notion that a leader has to prove
himself to be followed by the Free Folk? That wildling follow the… man?)
I would suppose that the washerwomen have approached many of important
guests in Winterfell. (See Frenya with Rickard Ryswell). Singers have a
reputation for being lovers in the Seven Kingdoms (see Daeron's story,
Marillion, Tom Sevenstrings etc). That left much opportunity for Abel to
come close to, and hear pillow talk from, the important women and
homosexual men in the castle. Recall that the Winterfell guests spent
more than fifty days locked up in Winterfell with nothing to do. There
is surely a highborn woman without a man among the guests: Barbrey
Dustin, her own self.
Barbrey says of Theon to Aenys Frey.
Lady Dustin laughed. “Are all Freys such fools? Look at
him. Hold a dagger? He hardly has the strength to hold a spoon. Do
you truly think he could have overcome the Bastard’s disgusting
creature and shoved his manhood down his throat?”
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
She seems to refer to another scene that happened two nights before.
Theon was bent over a wooden bowl finishing the last of
his own portion of pease porridge when a light touch on his shoulder
made him drop his spoon.
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
It's Holly coming to ask Theon about the crypts. Here is their
conversation.
Some girls like to touch,” she said, with a little
half-smile. “If it please m’lord, I’m Holly.”
Holly the whore, he thought, but she was pretty enough. Once he
might have laughed and pulled her into his lap, but that day was
done. “What do you want?”
“To see these crypts. Where are they, m’lord? Would you show me?”
Holly toyed with a strand of her hair, coiling it around her little
finger. “Deep and dark, they say. A good place for touching. All the
dead kings watching.”
“Did Abel send you to me?”
“Might be. Might be I sent myself. But if it’s Abel you’re
wanting, I could bring him. He’ll sing m’lord a sweet song.”
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
Theon heard Lady Dustin speak just before being
touched by Holly (whether the scene with Holly is in the continuity is
open to interpretation though). So Barbrey could hear as well what Holly
told Theon, and probably did since it is hinted she has noticed him
letting his spoon fall. So Lady Dustin might know that Holly, and by
extension the washerwomen and Mance, are interested in the crypts. This
is speculative, but otherwise the telling of the incident with the spoon
amounts to a waste of words.
I can't help thinking that Lady Dustin might have reflected on Holly's
offer to bring Mance as well, given that singers have a reputation for
being choice lovers of highborn ladies (see: Lady Smallwood and Tom
Sevenstrings, the fondness that Lysa Arryn has for singers, Dareon found
in the bed of Lord Rowan's daughter, the Blue Bard's reputation in
King's Landing…). Moreover, the High Septon, in all his misogyny, offers
his judgement on Cersei's licentiousness:
“These are common sins,” he said. “The wickedness of
widows is well-known, and all women are wantons at heart, given to
using their wiles and their beauty to work their wills on men.”
(Cersei I, ADwD)
I feel the need to insist on this and to provide more interesting
details. Here is Mance singing at Roose's command.
Lord Bolton commanded Abel to play for them as they ate.
The bard sang “Iron Lances,” then “The Winter Maid.”
When Barbrey Dustin asked for something more cheerful, he gave them
“The Queen Took Off Her Sandal, the King Took Off His Crown,” and
“The Bear and the Maiden Fair.”
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
The hint would be clearer if Abel had given her
(and not them) the songs, and if Theon had reported looks,
smiles etc. However, the formulation is simply Theon's point of view,
and we can infer that Theon did not understand that Abel was singing
specifically for Lady Dustin. In any case, the first song involves a
royal couple (which is likely to please Lady Dustin, see above) and has
been sung at the Twins to initiate the bedding of Edmure Tully. It's a
bawdy song in all likehood, if not it's probably a romantic song. The
second song has a well known double meaning, and can be understood as a
sexual proposition from a devoted lover.
Earlier, Mance has sung the "Northman's Daughter", which is quite
suggestive as well.
Moreover, the visit to the crypts with Theon had surely an erotic effect
on Lady Dustin.
“He would hate that.” She pulled off her glove and
touched his knee, pale flesh against dark stone. “Brandon loved his
sword. He loved to hone it. ‘I want it sharp enough to shave the
hair from a woman’s cunt,’ he used to say. And how he loved to use
it. ‘A bloody sword is a beautiful thing,’ he told me once.”
“You knew him,” Theon said.
The lantern light in her eyes made them seem as if they were afire.
[…]
I am old now, a dried-up thing, too long a widow, but I still
remember the look of my maiden’s blood on his cock the night he
claimed me.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
I acknowledge that the evidence is meager. One might
find unlikely that Barbrey Dustin, an austere and dedicated character,
would take a singer as a lover, especially given Winterfell's tense
circumstances.
Still in the crypts she seems to appreciate a certain trait of character
in Brandon Stark.
Brandon was never shy about taking what he wanted.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
So taking a lover is not against character for Lady Dustin. Given her
fantasies of royalty, Mance would possibly appeal to her, if she knew
that he is a king in disguise. If we had gender equality in the Seven
Kingdoms, Barbrey having a discreet affair with a singer should be no
more surprising that Rickard Ryswell, Barbrey's own brother, showing
openly his affection to one of the washerwomen (I guess Frenya).
Beneath the Burned Tower, he passed Rickard Ryswell
nuzzling at the neck of another one of Abel’s washerwomen, the plump
one with the apple cheeks and pug nose.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
But there is the possibility that Lady Dustin met
"Abel", perhaps in the crypts, rather than in her own quarters. That
would solve neatly the problem of why there is no sign that Mance didn't
press on with Theon about the crypts, when they planned the escape the
following night. (Mance might have, and Theon might have told him. But
we have no confirmation in the text from Theon's point of view
afterwards.)
The scene when Theon is summoned to Ned Stark's solar happens the
evening of the same day. And Theon has this strange thought:
He wondered if Lady Dustin had told them about the
crypts, the missing swords.
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
Then Theon wanders in the castle until the hour of
the wolf (middle of the night), before the horn is blown. Then he meets
Holly, Rowan and Myrtle in the godswood. They bring him to Abel in the
burned tower.
Another little detail gives me pause. At breakfast in the Great Hall,
before the escape, Theon expresses his fears to Abel that Ramsay might
caught them, and Abel replies.
“If the Bastard does come after us, he might live long
enough to rue it.”
(Theon, ADwD)
Besides Rowan, the night before, only one character
in Winterfell dares to call Ramsay by that the dreaded word (not to his
face, but in the presence of Roose, no less)
“The Bastard did this to you,” Lady Dustin said.
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
She uses the term of few more times, notably in the crypts.
There is little reason for the name "Bastard" to come
to Mance's mouth if he never heard call him by that name. Mance uses the
word bastard when he speaks to Jon Snow as a deliberate provocation. But
nobody utters that word for Ramsay in the Great Hall. Possibly, Mance
took the habit from Lady Dustin. (It seems likely to me that Mance has
been in contact with Manderly, Crowfood. He might have been contaminated
by that.)
I conjecture that the Ryswells and Dustins have in their cultural
background a reference to an ancient kingdom of the First Men, precisely
a subject of interest for Mance when he was searching the Frostfangs.
Let's recapitulate the hints: Almost all singers in the story are
favorites of highborn women; Holly suggests to Theon to go to the crypts
with her or with Abel, within hearing range (?) of Barbrey Dustin (only
possible interest of the spoon incident); Barbrey is burning with
passion in the crypts; Abel offers bawdy songs when Barbrey asks for
cheerful songs; Barbrey's brother makes out with a washerwoman; if Abel
found someone to show him the crypts before meeting Theon in the Burned
Tower, it can only be Barbrey or the Walders.
The morning of the escape, which followed the meeting in the Burned
Tower, all important characters are listed as present in the Great Hall,
but not Lady Barbrey. Lady Dustin has always been a central player in
the Winterfell drama. She seems present in every scene in the Great Hall
but the last one. Since her brother Roger laughs with her liege man
Harwood Stout, it would seem that nothing tragic happened to her. Hence
her absence is not fortuitous, and has to be explained. Perhaps she left
the castle, or something happened to her.
At least one important guest in Winterfell seems to have a homosexual
orientation: Whoresbane Umber. It was my first guess when I realized
that Mance is offering himself. Mance has heard the story of the Oldtown
whore, as told by Jon to Stannis, since "Rattleshirt" was present at
Stannis' meeting. I saw no sign of that possibility bearing fruit in the
text. But, it's worthwhile to recall the Old Bear's rememberance.
I knew Mance Rayder, Jon. He is an oathbreaker,
yes . . . but he has eyes to see, and no man has ever dared to name
him faintheart.
(Jon V, ACoK)
19. Abel's répertoire
It might we worthwhile to pay some attention to the
songs of the wedding.
Lord Walder had ordered the slaughter of the Starks at
Roslin’s wedding, but it had been Lame Lothar who had plotted it out
with Roose Bolton, all the way down to which songs would be played.
(Epilogue, ASoS)
It's easy to understand why a precise organization
was required for the Red Wedding. And the need did not appear as
stringent in Winterfell. But the question arises: Did Roose arrange for
the songs to be played at this wedding as well?
I have summarized below what we know of what Abel has sung at the
Winterfell wedding.
The first song is in the godswood, after the vows.
The musicians began to play again, and the bard Abel
began to sing “Two Hearts That Beat as One.”
(The Prince of Winterfell, ADwD)
Then we hear Abel during the wedding feast.
Up near the dais, Abel was plucking at his lute
and singing “Fair Maids of Summer.”
(The Prince of Winterfell, ADwD)
Later Manderly asks for songs. We do not know if the requests were
satisfied by the singer.
“Give us ‘The Night That Ended,’ singer,” he
bellowed. “The bride will like that one, I know. Or sing to us of
brave young Danny Flint and make us weep.” To look at him, you would
have thought that he was the one newly wed.
(The Prince of Winterfell, ADwD)
And then.
Lord Manderly was so drunk he required four strong men
to help him from the hall. “We should have a song about the Rat
Cook,” he was muttering, as he staggered past Theon, leaning on his
knights. “Singer, give us a song about the Rat Cook.”
(The Prince of Winterfell, ADwD)
Later, as the snow has begun falling on Winterfell.
“The Dornishman’s Wife,” whilst one of his washerwomen
beat time on her drum. The singer changed the words, though. Instead
of tasting a Dornishman’s wife, he sang of tasting a northman’s
daughter.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
Here are what the adapted lyrics would be
The Northman's daughter was as fair as the sun,
and her kisses were warmer than spring.
But the Northman's blade was made of black steel,
and its kiss was a terrible thing.
The Northman's daughter would sing as she bathed,
in a voice that was sweet as a peach,
But the Northman's blade had a song of its own,
and a bite sharp and cold as a leech.
As he lay on the ground with the darkness around,
and the taste of his blood on his tongue,
His brothers knelt by him and prayed him a prayer,
and he smiled and he laughed and he sung,
"Brothers, oh brothers, my days here are done,
the Northman's taken my life,
But what does it matter, for all men must die,
and I've tasted the Northman's daughter!"
Note the mention of a leech. A significant allusion for Roose, perhaps.
The song would almost fit the story of Bael the Bard,
possibly killed by the Stark family sword, Ice. But Bael has been put to
death by his own son, not by his bride's father. So the song that Bael
could have written would be "the Northman's mother".
A bit later.
Lord Ramsay commanded Abel to give them a marching song
in honor of Stannis trudging through the snows, so the bard took up
his lute again, whilst one of his washerwomen coaxed a sword from
Sour Alyn and mimed Stannis slashing at the snowflakes.
(The Turncloak, ADwD)
And later.
Lord Bolton commanded Abel to play for them as they ate.
The bard sang “Iron Lances,” then “The Winter Maid.” When Barbrey
Dustin asked for something more cheerful, he gave them “The Queen
Took Off Her Sandal, the King Took Off His Crown,” and “The Bear and
the Maiden Fair.”
[…]
As he left the hall, Abel was singing “The Maids That Bloom in
Spring.”
[…]
He could hear the sound of music from the hall behind him. A soft
song now, and sad. For a moment he felt almost at peace.
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
Here is the final song of Abel.
Abel bowed. “If it please your lordship.” Lute in hand,
he sauntered to the dais, hopping nimbly over a corpse or two, and
seated himself cross-legged on the high table. As he began to play—a
sad, soft song that Theon Greyjoy did not recognize—Ser Hosteen, Ser
Aenys, and their fellow Freys turned away to lead their horses from
the hall.
(Theon, ADwD)
I have tried to list the previous occurrences of these songs.
- Two hearts that beat as one: sang by Tom Sevenstring, the
phrase is used by Mance in a conversation with Styr in ASoS.
- Fair Maids of Summer: unheard before
- The Night That Ended: Harvest Feast
- Iron Lances: Harvest Feast, Red Wedding, Dareon
- Brave Danny Flint: no occurrence. But there is this
dialogue between Jon and Tormund
“Did Mance ever sing of Brave Danny Flint?”
“Not as I recall. Who was he?”
(Jon XII, ADwD)
- The Dornishman's Wife: In Mance's tent in the Frostfangs,
recalled by Jon as "Mance" is burned.
- Song about the Rat Cook: unheard before. The tale of the Rat Cook is
recalled by Bran at the Nightfort.
- The Winter Maid: unheard before
- The Queen Took Off Her Sandal, the King Took Off His Crown:
Red Wedding.
- The Maids That Blooms In Spring: unheard before
So we have The Winter Maid, The Maids
That Blooms In Spring, Fair Maids of Summer. A song
about maids and Autumn is missing. But one is known in the Seven
Kingdoms. Catelyn Stark heard it from Rymund the Rhymer at Riverrun when
her father was dying.
After a time the candle guttered and went out. Moonlight
slanted between the slats of the shutters, laying pale silvery bars
across her father’s face. She could hear the soft whisper of his
labored breathing, the endless rush of waters, the faint chords of
some love song drifting up from the yard, so sad and sweet. “I loved
a maid as red as autumn,” Rymund sang, “with sunset in her hair.”
Catelyn never noticed when the singing ended. Hours had passed, yet
it seemed only a heartbeat before Brienne was at the door. “My
Lady,” she announced softly. “Midnight has come.”
(Catelyn VII, ASoS)
I perceive the
maid as red as autumn as
evoking Melisandre, for what it is worth, especially since we came to
learn about Melisandre in the prologue of ACoK, when the white raven
came to announce the arrival of Autumn. Perhaps it is implied that the
song about that season is sang offscreen, or that Mance omits it
deliberately.
Rymund's verse seems to be part of
Seasons of my love, the
Myrish song Tysha taught Tyrion.
He resumed his whistling. “Do you know this
song?” he asked.
“You hear it here and there, in inns and whorehouses.”
“Myrish. ‘The Seasons of My Love.’ Sweet and sad, if you
understand the words. The first girl I ever bedded used to sing
it, and I’ve never been able to put it out of my head.”
(Tyrion VI, AGoT)
We hear Tyrion sing what are likely two other verses.
I loved a maid as fair as summer, with sunlight in her
hair.
(Tyrion VI, ACoK)
and
I loved a maid as white as winter, with moonglow in her
hair.
(Tyrion X, ACoK)
Still the association between seasons and maids. The sight of Val
returning to the Wall surely evokes the
maid as white as winter,
especially since Val insisted she would return by the full moon.
Probably Dalla looked the same as her sister. We do not know yet the
verse for the maid of Spring.
Mance sings two soft sad songs. The first one just after Theon has left
the Great Hall to come across the hooded man. The other soft sad song is
unknown to Theon and is the last song we hear. There is one soft sad
song well known to wildlings, and unknown, apparently, to kneelers. It's
the Last of the Giants.
“Do you know ‘The Last of the Giants’?” Without waiting
for an answer Ygritte said, “You need a deeper voice than mine to do
it proper.” Then she sang, “Ooooooh, I am the last of the giants, my
people are gone from the earth.”
Tormund Giantsbane heard the words and grinned. “The last of the
great mountain giants, who ruled all the world at my birth,” he
bellowed back through the snow.
Longspear Ryk joined in, singing, “Oh, the smallfolk have stolen my
forests, they’ve stolen my rivers and hills.”
“And they’ve built a great wall through my valleys, and fished all
the fish from my rills,” Ygritte and Tormund sang back at him in
turn, in suitably gigantic voices.
Tormund’s sons Toregg and Dormund added their deep voices as well,
then his daughter Munda and all the rest. Others began to bang their
spears on leathern shields to keep rough time, until the whole war
band was singing as they rode.
In stone halls they burn their great fires, in stone halls they
forge their sharp spears.
Whilst I walk alone in the mountains, with no true companion but
tears.
They hunt me with dogs in the daylight, they hunt me with torches by
night.
For these men who are small can never stand tall, whilst giants still
walk in the light.
Oooooooh, I am the LAST of the giants, so learn well the words of my
song.
For when I am gone the singing will fade, and the silence shall last
long and long.
There were tears on Ygritte’s cheeks when the song ended.
“Why are you weeping?” Jon asked. “It was only a song. There are
hundreds of giants, I’ve just
seen them.”
(Jon II, ASoS)
20. Abel's last words
In Winterfell, we only hear Abel the bard talk in the morning of the
escape. Here is the totality of what he hear him say. First he tries to
calm Theon's fears.
“Lord Stannis is outside the walls, and not far by the
sound of it. All we need do is reach him.” Abel’s fingers danced
across the strings of his lute. The singer’s beard was brown, though
his long hair had largely gone to grey. “If the Bastard does come
after us, he might live long enough to rue it.”
(Theon, ADwD)
In fact, Mance knows that Stannis uses trumpets and
not horns. So he is lying deliberately to Theon, I think.
The trumpet seems to be common in the south of the Seven Kingdoms. The
Freys use them as well, even in Winterfell.
Outside a horn was blowing. A trumpet. The Freys,
assembling for battle.
(Theon, ADwD)
But Mance knows very well that Stannis announces himself with trumpets,
since during the battle at the Wall we hear.
Trumpets were blowing all around, loud and brazen. The
wildlings have no trumpets, only warhorns.
(Jon X, ASoS)
So, Mance can't possibly be sincere when he says that
Stannis is behind the walls of Winterfell. I suppose he wanted to calm
Theon's fears and did not want to risk to compromise Mors inside the
castle.
Theon is terrified to fall again into Ramsay's hand and wants to be
certain of Abel's protection.
“Abel’s word,” said Squirrel. “Strong as oak.” Abel
himself only shrugged. “No matter what, my
prince.”
(Theon, ADwD)
Squirrel insists that Theon should believe Abel's
assurances. I wonder how Abel could be certain that Ramsay wouldn't
catch Theon again.
When Theon accuses silently the washerwomen of Little Walder's murder.
“This was no work of ours,” she said.
“Be quiet,” Abel warned her.
(Theon, ADwD)
The exchange implies that Abel does not want Rowan to
say something, which leads to the suspicion that Abel knows something
about Little Walder's murder. It is not clear that Rowan's denial
absolve him of the crime.
Finally, Roose demands a song from Abel.
He turned his head, his pale cold eyes searching the
hall until they found the bard Abel beside Theon.
“Singer,” he called, “come sing us something soothing.”
Abel bowed. “If it please your lordship.” Lute in hand, he sauntered
to the dais, hopping nimbly over a corpse or two, and seated himself
cross-legged on the high table. As he began to play—a sad, soft song
that Theon Greyjoy did not recognize—Ser Hosteen, Ser Aenys, and
their fellow Freys turned away to lead their horses from the hall.
(Theon, ADwD)
Calling Roose
your lordship
is not what a wildling would say. It's rather the vocabulary of educated
people. None of the spearwives would use these words. But it seems to be
the correct manner to address a lord, even if Roose prefers to be
addressed in a more humble manner. Here is what Theon thought the night
before.
“No, m’lord.” Theon made sure to muddy up the word. He
knew that pleased Lord Bolton. “I cannot sleep, m’lord. I walk.” He
kept his head down, fixed upon the old stale rushes scattered on the
floor. It was not wise to look his lordship in the face.
(A Ghost in Winterfell, ADwD)
Was Mance thought to be impertinent to Roose? That is Mance's last
appearance in the story. The bard did not appear when the washerwomen
expected him in the courtyard after picking Arya in the Great Keep.
“Frenya, Holly, go with them,” Rowan said. “We will be
along with Abel. Do not wait for us.” And with that, she whirled and
plunged into the snow, toward the Great Hall. Willow and Myrtle
hurried after her, cloaks snapping in the wind.
Madder and madder, thought Theon Greyjoy. Escape had seemed
unlikely with all six of Abel’s women; with only two, it seemed
impossible.
(Theon, ADwD)
Nevertheless, the escape plan did include Mance.
Rowan grasped Theon’s arm. “The bath. It must be now.”
He wrenched free of her touch. “By day? We will be seen.”
“The snow will hide us. Are you deaf? Bolton is sending forth his
swords. We have to reach King Stannis before they do.”
“But ... Abel ...”
“Abel can fend for himself,” murmured Squirrel.
(Theon, ADwD)
It seems Mance had been arrested by Roose. But I do not see any sign
that Abel has betrayed himself. Perhaps Squirrel was prescient when she
said that he can fend for himself.
And we are left to wonder what was the
sad, soft song.